华南地区4种典型人工林土壤CO_2和CH_4通量研究  

Study on Soil CO_2 and CH_4 Fluxes in Four Typical Plantations in Southern China

作　　者：李海防[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]桂林理工大学旅游学院,广西桂林541004 [2]中国科学院华南植物园,广东广州510650

出　　处：《浙江林业科技》2011年第2期6-12,共7页Journal of Zhejiang Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目"华南地区受损丘陵生态系统植被和土壤恢复机理及格局优化研究"(30630015)

摘　　要：采用静态箱/气相色谱分析技术对中国科学院鹤山丘陵综合开放试验站尾叶桉纯林(Eucalyptus urophylla,EUp)、厚荚相思纯林(Acacia crassicarpa,ACp)、10个树种混交林(Tp)和30个树种混交林(THp)4种林型的土壤CO2和CH4排放通量进行了原位测定,研究纯林和混交林对土壤温室气体排放的影响。结果表明:4种林型土壤都是CO2的源,但对CH4而言,可能是源,也可能是汇。CO2和CH4排放通量季节波动幅度较大;4种林型土壤CO2和CH4通量在湿季均维持较高水平;峰值均出现在湿季,旱季则趋于降低,且相对稳定。由于EUp和ACp纯林土壤微生物碳(Microbial Biomass Carbon,MBC)比混交林高,导致Eup(130.67 mg.m-2.h-1)和Acp(134.65 mg.m-2.h-1)土壤CO2通量显著高于Tp(111.39 mg.m-2.h-1)和THp(108.53 mg.m-2.h-1)。在4种林型中,尾叶桉和厚荚相思对土壤NO3-N和NH4-N快速吸收,土壤CH4排放通量较低。土壤温度、湿度、MBC、NO3-N和NH4-N都是影响土壤CO2和CH4通量的重要因子。Soil CO2 and CH4 fluxes in Eucalyptus urophylla plantation （EUp）, Acacia crassicarpa plantation （ACp）, 10-species-mixed plantation （Tp） and 30-species-mixed plantation （THp） were measured in situ using the static chamber and GS technique in Heshan Hilly Land Interdisciplinary Experimcntal Station, Guangdong province. The results showed that soil of the four types of plantation tested was sources of CO2 fluxes, but for CH4 they might be source or sink. The CO2 and CH4 fluxes varied widely in a year, kept a relatively high level during the rainy season and also a relatively lower level , the dry season in the tested plantations. The peak values of CO2 and CH4 fluxes all appeared in the rainy season. Compared to Tp and THp, th, CO2 fluxes were significantly higher In EUp and ACp for the higher values of microbial biomass carbon （MBC）. As for CH4, soil CH4 fluxes were lover in EUp and ACp than those in Tp and THp for the fast uptake of NO3-N and NH4-N. The results indicated that soil temperature, soil moisture .VIBC, NO3-N and NH4-N might all be important to control soil CO2 and CH4 fluxes.

关 键 词：森林土壤 CO2通量 CH4通量 纯林 混交林 

分 类 号：S714[农业科学—林学]