代用燃料在柴油机中的应用研究  

Application of Alternative Fuels in Diesel Engine

作　　者：董彪 顾勤 汪家全[2] 梅德清[2] 孙平[2] 

机构地区：[1]潍柴动力扬州柴油机有限公司,江苏扬州225131 [2]江苏大学汽车与交通工程学院,江苏镇江212013

出　　处：《现代车用动力》2011年第4期5-9,共5页Modern Vehicle Power

摘　　要：本文对植物油,生物柴油,乳化油,乙醇/柴油等的制备和理化特性进行了研究。通过柴油机台架试验,研究了柴油机燃用生物柴油、乙醇/柴油、微乳燃油的排放特性。对比试验表明:生物柴油CO,碳氢(HC)和颗粒物(PM)的比排放下降幅度分别为34.6%,40.2%和28.9%,但NOx比排放增加了6.63%;柴油机燃用乙醇/柴油时,NOx和碳烟排放降低,但总碳氢(THC)和CO排放要略高于柴油;柴油机燃用微乳柴油时,NOx和碳烟的排放下降,HC和CO排放升高,在高负荷时柴油机燃烧微乳柴油具有一定节油效果。用电镜扫描对柴油机排气PM进行粒径测量表明:乙醇/柴油的排气颗粒物粒径要大于柴油,但是其含碳量低,对人体的危害要小。The preparation and properties of vegetable oil,biodiesel,emulsified fuel and ethanol/diesel were investigated in this paper.Further,the emission test of diesel engine fueled with biodiesel,ethanol/diesel and micro-emulsified diesel were conducted on a test bench.The comparative experiments showed that biodiesel can reduce the specific emission of CO,HC and PM by 34.6%,40.2% and 28.9% respectively,compared to diesel,but the specific NOx emissions rise 6.63%.When engines fueled with ethanol/diesel,NOx and smoke emissions were reduced;however,THC and CO were higher than that of diesel.When fueled with micro-emulsified diesel,NOx and smoke were reduced,HC and CO increased,and the fuel consumption was improved at high load.An electronic microscope scan was carried out for PM emissions,and the result showed that the diameter of PM of ethanol/diesel was larger than that of diesel,but contained less carbon and was less harmful.

关 键 词：柴油机 代用燃料 排放特性 

分 类 号：TK464[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]