10种地被植物叶片气孔特征及其耐阴性研究  

Relationships between leaf stomatal characteristics of ten kinds of ground cover plants and their shade tolerance

作　　者：吴永华 廖伟彪[2] 许宏刚 张建旗 李捷[2] 

机构地区：[1]兰州市园林科学研究所,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃农业大学农学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《甘肃农业大学学报》2011年第5期95-100,共6页Journal of Gansu Agricultural University

基　　金：兰州市科技局科技攻关项目(07-1-04;08-1-49);甘肃省自然科学基金项目(1010RJZA211);中国博士后科学基金项目(20100470887)

摘　　要：对‘八宝景天’、‘松塔景天’、‘德国景天’、‘金鸡菊’、‘大花滨菊’、‘北美黄’、‘北京小菊’、‘鸢尾’、‘金娃娃萱草’和‘大花萱草’10种地被植物的叶片气孔特征与其耐阴性关系进行了研究.结果表明:气孔随机分布的植物有‘八宝景天’、‘松塔景天’和‘德国景天’,聚集分布的有‘北京小菊’、‘大花滨菊’、‘金鸡菊’、‘北美黄’、‘鸢尾’、‘大花萱草’和‘金娃娃萱草’,气孔随机分布的植物比聚集分布的植物具较强的耐阴性;10种地被植物中,双子叶植物‘八宝景天’、‘松塔景天’和‘德国景天’具有不等型气孔,比较耐阴,而‘北京小菊’、‘北美黄’、‘金鸡菊’、‘大花滨菊’、‘大花萱草’和‘金娃娃萱草’都具有无规则型气孔,耐阴性较差;单子叶植物‘鸢尾’属于气孔无任何保卫细胞包围的类型,也较耐阴.‘八宝景天’、‘松塔景天’、‘德国景天’和‘鸢尾’的气孔密度和气孔指数相对比较小,较耐阴,遮荫处理后植物的气孔指数明显降低;‘大花滨菊’、‘北美黄’、‘金鸡草’、‘大花萱草’的气孔密度和指数较大,耐阴性也较差,在桥下生长不良.Ten kinds of ground cover plants（Sedum spectabile Boreau,S.sediporme,S.hybridum,Chrysanthemum maximum,Coreopsis lanceolata,Dendranthema morifolium ＇Beimeihuang＇,D.morifoliu ＇Beijingxiaoju＇,Iris tectorum,Hemerocallis hybrida and H.fuava） were studied in stomatal characteristics and relationships between stomatal characteristics and shade tolerance.The results showed that leaf stomatal of S.spectabile,S.sediporme and S.hybridum were random distribution,and these plants showed more tolerance to shade.Leaf stomatal of the others was collective distribution.In 10 plants,leaf stomatal of dicotyledonous plants such as S.spectabile,S.sediporme and S.hybridum were anisocytic type,which showed more tolerance to shade.Whereas,anomocytic type was found in the rest dicotyledonous plants such as C.maximum,C.lanceolata,D.morifolium ＇Beimeihuang＇,D.morifoliu ＇Beijingxiaoju＇,H.hybrida and H.fuava,which showed less tolerance to shade.In addition,leaf stomatal of monocotyledon I.tectorum was non-guard cells type,which showed more tolerance to shade.There were significant differences in stomatal density among 10 plants,which reflected the shade tolerance differences among these plants.Stomatal density of S.spectabile,S.sediporme,S.hybridum and I.tectorum was lower,which showed more tolerance to shade.The shading depresses the stomatal index,and the plants with low index were more shade tolerant,for example,S.spectabile,S.sediporme and S.hybridum.In conclusion,there exist some relationships between leaf stomatal characteristics and their tolerance to shade.

关 键 词：地被植物 叶片气孔特征 耐阴性 

分 类 号：Q944[生物学—植物学]