Cytomorphology of Gentiana kurroo: an important endangered bitter plant of temperate Himalaya  

作　　者：M. C. Behera R. Raina 

机构地区：[1]Krishi Vigyan Kendra, At- Paljhor Po-Salunki District. Boudh [2]Orissa University of Agriculture & Technology INDIA- 762014 [3]Dept. of Forest Products, Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture Forestry, Nauni-Solan [4]HIMACHAL PRADESH, INDIA- 173 230

出　　处：《Journal of Forestry Research》2011年第4期621-626,共6页林业研究（英文版）

摘　　要：Gentiana kurroo, a potent bitter drug plant of Indian subcon- tinent, is under threat due to over exploitation and destruction of natural habitat. We studied the murphophenology and chromosomes of G. kurtoo on both wild and field grown plants, which is very important for proper identification, conservation and domestication. Results reveal that G. kurroo is a perennial herb, and its shoot is represented by flowering branches only. Stem is modified to rhizome. The older rhizomes split into four parts at collar region appearing to fuse together at the ends and is an important diagnostic feature for crude raw materials. Two types of leaves i.e. radical leaves at the base of the plant and canline leaves on flowering shoot are present. Flowering occurs during September to October with 1-9 inflorescences per plant. Inflorescence is terminal monoca- sial cysome type. Mowers are protrandus. Anthesis starts around 7.30 am and continued till 10.0 am. Ovary is bicarpillary syncarpous unilocular. Fruit is Capsule and takes 18-20 days to mature after fertilization. Seeds are very small elliptical and 1 000 seeds weigh to 0.1275 g. Chromosomal studies made by usual squash method reveals the species is a genomic allotetreploid with n = 13. The anaphase-I segregation was normal and in none of the cells at Anaphase-I or Telophase-I could any abnor- mality like laggards, bridges, micronuclei etc. be observed.Gentiana kurroo, a potent bitter drug plant of Indian subcon- tinent, is under threat due to over exploitation and destruction of natural habitat. We studied the murphophenology and chromosomes of G. kurtoo on both wild and field grown plants, which is very important for proper identification, conservation and domestication. Results reveal that G. kurroo is a perennial herb, and its shoot is represented by flowering branches only. Stem is modified to rhizome. The older rhizomes split into four parts at collar region appearing to fuse together at the ends and is an important diagnostic feature for crude raw materials. Two types of leaves i.e. radical leaves at the base of the plant and canline leaves on flowering shoot are present. Flowering occurs during September to October with 1-9 inflorescences per plant. Inflorescence is terminal monoca- sial cysome type. Mowers are protrandus. Anthesis starts around 7.30 am and continued till 10.0 am. Ovary is bicarpillary syncarpous unilocular. Fruit is Capsule and takes 18-20 days to mature after fertilization. Seeds are very small elliptical and 1 000 seeds weigh to 0.1275 g. Chromosomal studies made by usual squash method reveals the species is a genomic allotetreploid with n = 13. The anaphase-I segregation was normal and in none of the cells at Anaphase-I or Telophase-I could any abnor- mality like laggards, bridges, micronuclei etc. be observed.

关 键 词：CYTOLOGY morphology allotetzaploid Gentiana kurroo floral character 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培] S562[农业科学—作物学]