Shoot drying and its cause in Calamus simplicifolius at Nanmeiling, Hainan, China  

作　　者：LI Rong-sheng YIN Guang-tian YANG Jin-chang ZOU Wen-tao LI Jian-guang ZHANG Shuai JIA Rui-feng KOU Liang WANG Dong-guang 

机构地区：[1]Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry,Guangzhou 510520, Gaangdong Province, P.R. China

出　　处：《Journal of Forestry Research》2011年第4期681-684,共4页林业研究（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the projects of formulate Regulations for the Cultivation of Rattans (No.2009-LY-097);Guidelines for the Conduct of Tests on Distinctness, Uniformity and Stability for Calamus Plants (No.2009006)

摘　　要：Many stems are subject to shoot drying in the plantations of Calamus simplicifolius Wei at the Nanmeiling Base of the Forestry Bureau of Baisha County, Hainan Province. As a palm, stems of C simplicifolius stop growing and later die if the shoots are dry. Generally, shoot drying means reduced cane production and reduced profit for a rattan plantation. We aimed to quantify the incidence of shoot drying and determine its reason. We sampled eight 20 m × 20 m plots in the C simplicifolius plantations. In each plot, we counted stems and categorized them as drying shoot or normal shoot, and mother stem or sucker stem. We measured stem length and categorized them as drying shoot and normal shoot for mother stems. We cut open each shoot-drying stem to determine the cause of drying from drying part to fresh part. The frequency of mother stems （259 stem·ha^-1）, was significantly lower than sucker stems （588 stem·ha^-1）. The percentage of shoot drying was 33.8% for mother stems, not significantly higher than that for sucker stems （18,9%）. The mother shoot stems were significantly shorter if they were drying than if normal. 80% of stems with a drying shoot were hollow within the leaf sheath, whereas 10% hosted lively mature larvae （one larvae per shoot） and 10% hosted several lively young larvae. Mature larvae were identified as the Red Palm Weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Oliver. To confirm the present of the weevil, three pheromone traps for the weevil were set up in the plantations and adult weevils were trapped on the next day and identified as the Red Palm Weevil. We conclude that shoot drying of C. simplicifolius is probably caused by the Red Palm Weevil.Many stems are subject to shoot drying in the plantations of Calamus simplicifolius Wei at the Nanmeiling Base of the Forestry Bureau of Baisha County, Hainan Province. As a palm, stems of C simplicifolius stop growing and later die if the shoots are dry. Generally, shoot drying means reduced cane production and reduced profit for a rattan plantation. We aimed to quantify the incidence of shoot drying and determine its reason. We sampled eight 20 m × 20 m plots in the C simplicifolius plantations. In each plot, we counted stems and categorized them as drying shoot or normal shoot, and mother stem or sucker stem. We measured stem length and categorized them as drying shoot and normal shoot for mother stems. We cut open each shoot-drying stem to determine the cause of drying from drying part to fresh part. The frequency of mother stems （259 stem·ha^-1）, was significantly lower than sucker stems （588 stem·ha^-1）. The percentage of shoot drying was 33.8% for mother stems, not significantly higher than that for sucker stems （18,9%）. The mother shoot stems were significantly shorter if they were drying than if normal. 80% of stems with a drying shoot were hollow within the leaf sheath, whereas 10% hosted lively mature larvae （one larvae per shoot） and 10% hosted several lively young larvae. Mature larvae were identified as the Red Palm Weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Oliver. To confirm the present of the weevil, three pheromone traps for the weevil were set up in the plantations and adult weevils were trapped on the next day and identified as the Red Palm Weevil. We conclude that shoot drying of C. simplicifolius is probably caused by the Red Palm Weevil.

关 键 词：Calamus simpliciJolius RATTAN shoot drying Red Palm Wee-vil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus 

分 类 号：S792.910.5[农业科学—林木遗传育种] S436.67[农业科学—林学]