三种不同功能蛛丝的超微结构与拉伸力学行为  

Morphologies and Tensile Behaviors of Three Types of Spider Silks with Different Functions

作　　者：蒋平[1,2] 吕太勇[1,2] 肖永红[1,2] 刘海英[3] 刘亮[1,2] 熊超群[1,2] 江丽琴[1,2] 郭聪[4] 

机构地区：[1]井冈山大学生命科学学院,江西吉安343009 [2]井冈山大学生态环境与资源研究所,江西吉安343009 [3]西南大学生命科学学院,重庆400715 [4]生物资源与生态环境教育部重点实验室,四川大学,四川成都610064

出　　处：《材料科学与工程学报》2011年第5期734-741,共8页Journal of Materials Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30760041,31060282,31160420);江西省教育厅科技资助项目(GJJ08422);江西省自然科学基金资助项目(2007GQN1690)

摘　　要：蜘蛛丝是一种具有优良机械性能的天然动物蛋白纤维,是自然界极具应用潜力的生物材料,但它特有的结构和机械性能与其生物学功能密切相关。为此,本文采用扫描电镜和单纤强力仪对两种结圆网蜘蛛的卵袋框丝和内层丝与圆网铆钉丝三种不同功能蛛丝的超微结构、拉伸力学性能以及断裂能在应力应变曲线的弹性区、屈服区和加强区的分配进行了研究,结果表明不同生物学功能的蛛丝表现出不同的力学行为,并呈现一定的机械性能策略,主要表现为:断裂能在应力应变曲线的弹性区、屈服区和加强区的权衡;不同力学性能参数之间的权衡,如伸长和荷载、断裂强度和延展性等参数之间的权衡,以适应不同的功能要求。这对人们进行新型防护材料的仿生设计具有重要指导意义。Spider silk is a natural animal protein fiber with excellent mechanical properties and has potential applications as a biological material.The biological function and spider＇s life history have shaped the silk＇s structure and mechanical properties.Here we examined spider silks with distinct biological functions： egg case scaffolding and orb web mooring silk fibers anchoring the egg case and web respectively and egg case inner cover silk of two orb web spiders,Argiope amoena and Nephila clavata,by electric single-fiber tensile apparatus and scanning electron microscopy（SEM）.Results show that spider silk fibers with different biological functions present different tensile behaviors and show the mechanical strategies or trade offs between different mechanical parameters,such as force and displacement,and among the elastic,strength and extensibility,and among elastic,yield and hardening region in the tensile behavior under absorbing and dissipating certain energy in order to optimally match to the biological functional requirements of individuals.This might be helpful to guide biomimetic design of novel safe-guarding materials.

关 键 词：蜘蛛丝 超微结构 拉伸力学性能 

分 类 号：TS102.1[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程] TS102.3[轻工技术与工程—纺织科学与工程]