三聚氰胺对小鼠急性毒性试验中消化系统重要组织器官损伤的病理学观察  

Pathological observation of toxic effect of melamine on important organs of digestive system of mice

作　　者：常玲玲[1] 朱金凤[1] 岳卓[1] 苏丽芳[1] 孙彦彦[1] 丁叶[1] 田纪景[1] 于品[1] 佘锐萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物医学院,北京100193

出　　处：《中国兽医科学》2011年第10期1056-1060,共5页Chinese Veterinary Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30270995;30471301)

摘　　要：为探讨三聚氰胺对急性毒性试验中小鼠的胃、小肠和肝的损伤作用,将32只SPF级昆明小鼠随机分为4组,每组8只,雌雄各半,连续灌服不同剂量的三聚氰胺(0、175、350、700 mg/kg),观察试验小鼠的临床表现,剖检死亡小鼠并取材,观察胃、小肠和肝的病理学变化。结果显示,各试验组小鼠48 h内均全部死亡。光镜下可见死亡小鼠胃和小肠的黏膜层弥漫性坏死,肝细胞脂肪变性,肝小叶弥漫性淤血,甚至有片状出血灶,灶内肝细胞坏死。700 mg/kg组小鼠的胃、小肠及肝血管内均可见多个黄色颗粒状结晶体沉着。在透射电镜下,175 mg/kg和350 mg/kg组小鼠的肝细胞胞浆结构疏松,线粒体肿胀,700 mg/kg组小鼠的肝细胞胞浆中充满脂滴,线粒体弥漫性固缩。表明,三聚氰胺可引起小鼠胃肠黏膜发生急性弥漫性坏死,肝淤血,肝细胞变性,散在坏死,高浓度的三聚氰胺可在胃、小肠和肝间质中形成结晶体。In order to investigate the toxicity of stomach,small intestine and liver caused by melamine,32 KM mice were randomly divided into 4 groups of 8 mice（male∶female=1∶1） in each group.All the mice were administrated orally with different doses（0,175,350,700mg/kg） of melamine（MA）,and the clinical response was observed.When the mice died during the experiment,an autopsy was carried out instantly.The pathological changes of stomach,small intestine and liver were observed.Result showed that all the mice in experimental group died within 48h,and diffuse necrosis in mucosa of stomach and small intestine was observed.In liver injury,fatty changes in hepatocytes and diffuse congestion in lobule occurred,with local hemorrhage in some mice.Moreover,many small yellow crystalline solids were observed in the blood vessels of stomach,intestine and liver in 700mg/kg group.Under transmission election microscopy,the cytoplasm was loose and the mitochondria were swelling in the 175mg/kg and 350mg/kg group,while in the 700mg/kg group,the cytoplasm were full with lipid droplet and the mitochondria diffusely shrinked.In conclusion,melamine can induce acute necrosis of stomach and small intestine,liver congestion,fatty degeneration and necrosis.High concentration of melamine can form crystalline solids in the interstitial of stomach,small intestine and liver.

关 键 词：三聚氰胺 小鼠 消化系统 病理学观察 

分 类 号：R994.3[医药卫生—毒理学]