天山中部天山云杉种群空间分布格局及其与地形因子的关系  

Spatial distribution pattern of Picea schrenkiana var.tianshanica population and its relationships with topographic factors in middle part of Tianshan Mountain.

作　　者：张毓涛[1] 李吉玫[1] 常顺利[2] 李翔[1] 芦建江 

机构地区：[1]新疆林业科学院森林生态研究所,乌鲁木齐830000 [2]新疆大学绿洲生态教育部重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830046

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2011年第11期2799-2806,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：林业公益性行业科研专项(200804022C;200804006/rhh-06);"十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD38B05);天山生态站开放基金资助

摘　　要：采用点格局分析方法研究了天山云杉不同龄级个体的分布格局及其相互关系,以及地形变化对天山云杉分布的影响.结果表明:天山云杉种群随胸径的增加,各径级植株密度呈下降趋势.除老龄个体在较小尺度(0～12m)下表现为随机分布外,幼树、小树、中树和大树在所有尺度下均表现为聚集分布,并随着树龄的增加,各种群出现最大聚集度的尺度逐渐增加,聚集强度不断降低.在小尺度(0～16m)范围内,各龄级间均表现为负关联性,且树龄差别越大,负相关性越显著.海拔与中树、大树和老树的数量呈显著正相关,与幼树和小树个体数量间的相关性不显著;坡度与幼树、小树和中树数量呈显著正相关,与老树数量呈显著负相关,而与大树数量的负相关性不显著;凹凸度与幼树、小树和中树数量呈显著负相关,与老树和大树数量的相关性不显著.By the method of point pattern analysis,this paper studied the spatial distribution patterns of different age class individuals in the Picea schrenkiana var.tianshanica forest in middle part of Tianshan Mountain and the influence of topographic factors on the distribution patterns.It was observed that the density of different age class individuals in the forest decreased with the increasing DBH of the individuals,and except old trees which presented a random distribution at the scale of 0-12 m,the saplings and the small,medium,and big trees were in aggregative distribution at all scales.With the increase of age class,the scale at which the individuals presented the highest aggregation degree increased,whereas the aggregation intensity declined.At small scale（0-16 m）,different age class individuals appeared negative association,and the greater difference the tree age,the more significant the negative association presented.Altitude had significant positive effects on the number of medium,big,and old trees but had little effects on the number of saplings and small trees.Slope grade had significant positive effects on the number of saplings and small and medium trees,significant negative effects on the number of old trees,but little effects on the number of big trees.Concavo-convex had significant negative effects on the number of saplings and small and medium trees but had little effects on the number of big and old trees.

关 键 词：天山云杉针叶林 种群结构 空间关联 龄级 地形因子 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学] S718.5[农业科学—林学]