亚适温弱光对黄瓜幼苗光合酶活性和基因表达的影响  

Impacts of suboptimal temperature and low light intensity on the activities and gene expression of photosynthetic enzymes in cucumber seedling leaves.

作　　者：毕焕改[1,2] 王美玲[1,2] 姜振升[1,2] 董绪兵[1,2] 艾希珍[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院/园艺作物生物学农业部重点开放实验室,山东泰安271018 [2]作物生物学国家重点实验室,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2011年第11期2894-2900,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30972032);国家基础研究发展计划重点项目(2009CB119000)资助

摘　　要：以‘津优3号’为试材,研究亚适温弱光(18℃/12℃,100μmol·m-2·s-1)下黄瓜幼苗叶片核酮糖-1,5-二磷酸羧化/加氧酶(Rubisco)、果糖-1,6-二磷酸酶(FBPase)、甘油醛-3-磷酸脱氢酶(GAPDH)、果糖-1,6-二磷酸醛缩酶(FBA)、转酮醇酶(TK)mRNA表达量及活性的变化.结果表明:亚适温弱光处理的单株叶面积和干物质量均明显减小.处理初期,Rubisco大亚基(rbcL)、小亚基(rbcS)、FBPase、GAPDH、FBA及TK的基因表达量大幅度下降,多数酶活性明显减弱(TK变化不明显),光合速率(Pn)快速降低;处理3d后,亚适温弱光处理的rbcL、rbcS基因表达量和Rubisco初始活性持续下降,但下降幅度明显减小,Rubisco总活性及FBPase、GAPDH、FBA和TK基因表达与活性均呈上升趋势,Pn同步回升;处理时间超过6d时,Rubisco和FBPase基因表达与活性趋于平稳,其他酶和Pn呈下降趋势.可见,亚适温弱光下黄瓜光合酶基因表达量和活性的降低是Pn降低的重要原因,光合机构对亚适温弱光的适应与光合酶的活化机制有关.Taking the cucumber cultivar ＇Jinyou 3＇ as test material,this paper studied the variations of the mRNA expression and activities of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase（Rubisco）,fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase（FBPase）,glyceraldehydes-3-phosphate dehydrogenase（GAPDH）,fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase（FBA）,and transketolase（TK） in cucumber seedling leaves under suboptimal temperature and low light intensity（ST＋LL）.In the treatment of ST＋LL,the leaf area and the dry mass per plant decreased remarkably,compared with the control.On the early days of ST＋LL treatment,the gene expression of Rubisco rbcL and rbcS,FBPase,GAPDH,FBA,and TK declined markedly,the activities of the enzymes except TK obviously weakened,and the photosynthetic rate（Pn） decreased rapidly.3 days later,the gene expression of Rubisco rbcL and rbcS and the initial activity of Rubisco showed a continuous decrease but the decrement was obviously lesser,the total activity of Rubisco and the activities and gene expression of FBPase,GAPDH,FBA,and TK had an increasing trend,and the Pn ascended simultaneously.When the treating time exceeded 6 days,the gene expression and the activities of Rubisco and FBPase tended to be constant,while those of the other enzymes as well as the Pn presented a decreasing trend.These results suggested that the decline of the gene expression and activities of the photosynthetic enzymes in cucumber seedlings under suboptimal temperature and low light intensity was the important reason which led to the decrease of Pn.The adaptation of photosynthetic apparatus in cucumber seedlings to suboptimal temperature and low light intensity was related to the activation mechanisms of photosynthetic enzymes.

关 键 词：黄瓜 酶活性 基因表达 弱光 亚适温 

分 类 号：S642.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]