秦岭太白山北坡土壤拮抗性放线菌分布及特性  

Distribution and characteristics of soil antagonistic actinomycetes on northern slope of Taibai Mountain,Qinling.

作　　者：朱文杰[1] 薛泉宏[1] 曹艳茹[1] 薛磊[1] 申光辉[1] 来航线[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2011年第11期3003-3010,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：长江学者和创新团队发展计划项目(IRT0748)资助

摘　　要：以太白山北坡12个不同海拔高度的代表性土样为研究对象,采用皿内琼脂块法筛选拮抗性放线菌.结果表明:在太白山北坡不同海拔高度土壤中生存着大量拮抗性放线菌,在分离出的141株放线菌中,有82.3%的放线菌对21种靶标菌有拮抗作用.其中,海拔800～1845、3488、3655和3670m土壤中的拮抗性放线菌分别占其总数73.7%～86.8%、81.3%、78.9%及82.3%,在海拔1200～2300及3400m以上土壤中分离到的广谱强拮抗性放线菌占其总数的42.1%.在拮抗性放线菌中,对金黄色葡萄球菌有强拮抗性的放线菌占拮抗菌总数的24.1%,对棉花黄萎病、草莓疫霉及人参根腐病原菌等多种植物病原菌有强拮抗性的放线菌分别占拮抗菌总数的2.4%、6.9%和11.2%.土壤放线菌拮抗潜势SAAP可作为评价土壤中拮抗性放线菌资源蕴藏量的定量指标.Twelve representative soil samples were collected from different altitudes on the northern slope of Taibai Mountain to study the distribution and characteristics of soil antagonistic actinomyces by using agar block method.There existed a great deal of soil antagonistic actinomyces in the study area.Among the 141 actinomycete strains isolated,116 strains（82.3%） showed antagonism toward 12 target bacteria or fungi.The antagonistic strains at altitudes 800-1845,3488,3655,and 3670 m occupied 73.7%-86.8%,81.3%,78.9% and 82.3% of the total,respectively.42.1% of the strains at altitudes 1200-2300 m and 3400 m showed strong and broad spectrum antagonistic activity,suggesting that there was a great potential for the isolation of actinomycete strains with strong anti-biotic capability at these altitudes.24.1% of the antagonistic actinomycetes showed antagonism against Staphyloccocus aureu,and 2.4%,6.9% and 11.2% of them showed activity toward Verticillium dahliae in cotton,Phytophthora sp.in strawberry and Neonectria radiciccla in ginseng,respectively.This study showed that the soil actinomycete antagonistic potentiality（SAAP） could be used as a quantitative indicator to evaluate the potential of antagonistic actinomycete resources in soil.

关 键 词：放线菌 微生物生态 微生物资源 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]