建材氡析出率及其测量的一点思考  

Considerations and Measurements of Radon Exhalation Rate

作　　者：张磊[1,2] 马新华[1] 郭秋菊[2] 王善强[1] 艾宪芸[1] 史志兰[1] 

机构地区：[1]防化研究院,北京102205 [2]北京大学物理学院技术物理系,北京100086

出　　处：《辐射防护》2011年第6期379-384,共6页Radiation Protection

摘　　要：建材氡析出率的准确测量和建材样品氡析出率的质量控制是近期天然辐射防护领域热议的问题。寻找一个建材氡析出率测量的参考标准方法和一个合理的建材氡析出率控制指标,将极大地促进室内氡暴露危害的评价和控制。从建材氡析出率的理论和测量方法分析出发,细致讨论了目前建材氡析出率及其测量中存在的一些问题。研究结果表明,对于建材样品氡析出率测量,推荐对样品进行合适的前处理之后,采用密闭腔体法测量。建材氡析出质量控制建议采用建材氡固有析出率作为指标。Measurement of radon exhalation rate from building materials and quality control of building materials radon exhalation rate measurement are the hot issues in radiation protection field. Looking for a reference method for measuring,and a reasonable value for controlling,building materials radon exhalation rate will greatly facilitate the evaluation and control of indoor radon exposure hazards. This paper carefully discusses the several problems currently existing in measurement of radon exhalation rate from building materials by analyzing theoretically radon exhalation rate and comparing different measurement methods.Results show that after proper pre-treatment of building material samples,the closed chamber method could be recommended for measuring radon exhalation rate from building materials,and also inherent radon exhalation could be used as indicator for quality control of radon exhalation rate measurement for building materials.

关 键 词：氡 析出率 建材 测量方法 评价控制 

分 类 号：X837[环境科学与工程—环境工程]