武夷山风景名胜区景观生态安全度时空分异规律  

Temporal-spatial differentiation and its change in the landscape ecological security of Wuyishan Scenery District

作　　者：游巍斌[1] 何东进[1] 巫丽芸[1] 洪伟[1] 詹仕华[1] 覃德华[2] 游惠明[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学,福建福州350002 [2]河南科技大学农学院,河南洛阳471003

出　　处：《生态学报》2011年第21期6317-6327,共11页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30870435);福建省科技厅重点资助项目(2009N0009);教育部博士学科点专项基金资助项目(20103515110005);福建省自然科学基金资助项目(2008J0116)

摘　　要：以世界文化和自然遗产地武夷山中受自然和人类生态过程作用最为强烈和频繁的风景名胜区为研究对象,通过景观干扰度指数和景观脆弱度指数构建景观生态安全度指数,并借助空间统计学方法对武夷山风景名胜区景观生态安全度的空间分布特征和变异规律进行探讨。结果表明:①1986—2009年武夷山风景名胜区景观生态安全度总体上呈递增趋势;②1986—2009年风景区景观生态安全度Morans's I表现为一定程度的正相关,1986—1997年间正相关关系明显增强,且景观生态安全度全局自相关存在尺度响应;③1997年和2009年风景区景观生态安全度局域自相关格局较一致,而景观生态安全度的集群结构及显著水平在1986—1997年间发生明显改变;④风景区各时期景观生态安全度所表现出较强的空间相关性是结构性因素和非结构性因素综合作用的结果,地形地貌、土壤类型等结构因素对风景区景观生态安全度的空间分布起决定性作用,而非结构因素(旅游开发建设、毁林种茶、弃农种茶等人类活动)对景观生态安全度的演变有重要影响。Located in the northwestern part of Fujian Province,Wuyi Mountain is the most outstanding area for biodiversity conservation in southeast China and a refuge for a large number of ancient,relict species,many of them endemic to China.In December 1999,Wuyi Mountain was included on the World Natural and Cultural Heritage List by the 23rd Session of the World Heritage Committee of UNESCO and described as ＂a natural landscape so unique,rare and marvelous, is the beauty of nature and embodiment of the harmonious relations between human being and environment＂.Wuyi Mountain is now the largest of China′s World Heritage sites,which together cover 999.75 square kilometers.Wuyi Mountain is divided into four areas,the Biodiversity Preserve to the west,the Nine-twist Stream Ecological Preserve in the center,the Natural Beauty Cultural Landscape Preserve to the east（i.e.Wuyishan Scenery District）,and the ancient Chencun Minyue Relics to the southeast. Landscape patterns embody both landscape heterogeneity and the accumulation of ecological processes.Changes in landscape patterns and their distributions are comprehensive reflections of the ecological environment,which is impacted by both natural disturbance and human intervention.Where human activities dominate landscapes,the impacts of our different uses and usage intensities in different landscape types ultimately reflect ecosystem or landscape structures and patterns.Changes of large-scale structure and pattern can change landscape ecological security in time and space.Therefore,the landscape level is an appropriate scale at which to study the impacts of human activities on the environment. Although all four of the Wuyi Mountain regions have been well protected in accordance with the strict management criteria for a world heritage site,the Wuyishan Scenery District has been more severely disturbed than the other three regions.In this study,the degree of landscape ecological security was established based on landscape disturbance and fragility indices.Spatial statisti

关 键 词：武夷山风景名胜区 尺度 生态安全度 空间统计分析 时空分异 

分 类 号：Q149[生物学—生态学]