鸡粪改良铜尾矿对3种豆科植物生长及基质微生物量和酶活性的影响  

Effect of chicken manure-amended copper mine tailings on growth of three leguminous species,soil microbial biomass and enzyme activities

作　　者：张宏[1,2] 沈章军[1,3] 阳贵德[1] 安宗胜[1] 孙庆业[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽大学生命科学学院安徽省生态工程与生物技术重点实验室,合肥230039 [2]江苏电大昆山学院,苏州215300 [3]合肥师范学院生命科学系,合肥230061

出　　处：《生态学报》2011年第21期6522-6531,共10页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：环保公益性行业科研专项(201009041-02);国家高技术研究发展计划(863)资助项目(2006AA06Z359)

摘　　要：基质改良和耐性植物种选择是重金属矿业废弃地人工生态恢复的关键。通过室内盆栽试验研究不同比例腐熟鸡粪改良铜尾矿后对3种豆科植物决明(Cassia tora)、田菁(Sesbania cannabina)、菽麻(Crotalaria juncea)生长和尾矿基质中土壤微生物量C、N及过氧化氢酶、碱性磷酸酶、脲酶和脱氢酶活性的影响。结果表明:添加鸡粪改良处理后3种植物茎叶生物量、根系生物量和体内总磷含量均有提高,植物体内总氮含量则只有菽麻明显增加。添加鸡粪可提高尾矿基质中微生物量C以及脲酶和脱氢酶活性,其中菽麻生长的尾矿基质中微生物量C含量增加最显著。尾矿基质中微生物量C与基质中总氮、有效磷呈显著正相关,菽麻生长的尾矿基质中微生物量C与基质中有效态Cu、Zn呈显著负相关。田菁、菽麻生长的尾矿基质中脲酶、脱氢酶与基质中总氮、有效磷呈显著正相关,决明、菽麻生长的尾矿基质中脱氢酶与基质中微生物量C呈显著正相关,决明生长的尾矿基质中脲酶、脱氢酶与基质中有效态Zn呈显著负相关。综合分析表明,铜尾矿∶鸡粪=250∶1的处理方式可作为鸡粪改良铜尾矿基质较好的一种比例模式,该处理方式下菽麻可作为铜尾矿生态修复优选植物种。Substrate amendment and tolerant species choice are key factors for successful restoration of mining wastelands containing heavy metals.Pot experiments were conducted in order to study the effects of different proportions of composted chicken manure-amended copper mine tailings on growth of three legumes（Cassia tora,Sesbania cannabina and Crotalaria juncea）,soil microbial biomass,and activities of catalase,alkaline phosphatase,urease and dehydrogenase.A quantity of composted chicken manure（0,8,16,or 32 g） was incorporated with 4 kg mine tailings as the plants′ potting substrate for the MA0（CK）,MA8,MA16,and MA32 treatments,respectively.Soil microbes are important components for maintenance of soil biological activity and affect the soil nutrient dynamics,energy conversion,and animal and plant community structure.The activity of soil enzymes is an important index of soil fertility and is often used to indicate remediation effects on polluted soils.In this study,with increasing proportion of chicken manure in the substrate,the shoot biomass and root biomass of the three plant species increased.In the same chicken manure treatment,the relative shoot biomass of the three species was C.juncea C.tora S.cannabina,but the root biomass did not differ significantly among the species.With increasing proportion of chicken manure,the total phosphorus content of the three plant species increased,and the total nitrogen content of C.juncea increased.The relative total nitrogen content in both the roots and shoots of the three plant species was C.juncea S.cannabina C.tora in the MA16 and MA32 treatments,the relative total phosphorus content in the roots was S.cannabina C.juncea C.tora in the MA8 and MA32 treatments,and the relative total phosphorus content in the shoots was S.cannabina C.tora C.juncea in the MA8 and MA32 treatments.The soil microbial biomass carbon for the three plant species was boosted by amendment with chicken manure.Among the species,the soil microbial biomass carbon of C.juncea was significantly

关 键 词：铜尾矿 基质改良 豆科植物 生态修复 

分 类 号：TD88[矿业工程—矿山开采] Q945[生物学—植物学]