椽竹等3个福建乡土竹种的化学成分分析  

Chemical Composition of Bambusa textilis var.fasca,Bambusa wenchouensis and Dendrocalamopsis basihirsuta in Fujian Province

作　　者：郑蓉[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建省林业科学研究院,福建福州350012

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2011年第5期929-932,954,共5页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：福建省科技厅科研重点项目(2007N0021);国家林业局南方山地用材林培育重点实验室;福建省森林培育与林产品加工利用重点实验室资助

摘　　要：测定了椽竹(Bambusa textilis var fasca)、大木竹(Bambusa wenchouensis)、苦绿竹(Dendrocalamopsis basihir-suta)不同年龄和不同纵向部位的竹材主要化学成分,并与毛竹(Phyllostachys edlulis)、青皮竹(Bambusa textilis)进行比较分析。结果表明:椽竹、大木竹、苦绿竹竹材的综纤维素含量均高于70%,达到造纸质量要求,4 a生竹材纵向含量为基部>中部>顶部;不溶木素含量分别为24.37%、24.19%、23.71%,介于毛竹与青皮竹之间,在制浆蒸煮过程中耗药量少于毛竹耗药量,4 a生竹材纵向含量以基部值最大;灰分含量在1.78%～2.33%,高于毛竹、青皮竹;冷水抽提物、苯-醇抽提物和质量分数为1%NaOH抽提物均低于毛竹、青皮竹,热水抽提物含量稍高于毛竹。因此这3个乡土丛生竹种属于较优良的制浆造纸原料。The chemical composition of culm wood of Bambusa textilis var.fasca,Bambusa wenchouensis and Dendrocalamopsis basihirsuta of different ages and vertical parts were mensurated,and a comparative study with Phyllostachys edlulis and Bambusa textilis were made.The results showed that the average holocellulose content of the three species was more than 70%,reaching the quality requirements of papermaking,the order of the vertical part contents of 4-year-old bamboo was basemiddletop;the average insoluble lignin contents were 24.37%,24.19%,23.71%,respectively,which were between P.edlulis＇s and B.textilis＇s,and its amount of consumed chemicals was smaller than that for P.edlulis＇s in papermarking,the base conent was the highest;the ash content was among 1.78%~2.33%,higher than that of P.edlulis and B.textilis;the contents of extractives by coldwater,benzene-ethand and sodium hydroxide extraction were less than those of P.edlulis and B.textilis,the content of extractives by hotwater extraction was slightly higher than that of P.edlulis＇s.So the three native sympodial bamboo species belong to higher quality pulping and papermaking raw materials.

关 键 词：椽竹 大木竹 苦绿竹 化学成分 制浆性能 

分 类 号：S795.02[农业科学—林木遗传育种]