中国的能源发展与应对气候变化  

Energy Development and Addressing Climate Change in China

作　　者：何建坤[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学现代管理研究中心,北京100084

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2011年第10期40-48,共9页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(编号:10JJD630011)

摘　　要：我国当前经济社会发展既受到资源环境的瓶颈性制约,也受到全球应对气候变化、减缓碳排放的严峻挑战。我国大力推进节能和减缓CO2排放,GDP的CO2强度下降速度为世界瞩目,但由于工业化阶段GDP快速增长,CO2排放仍呈增长快、总量大的趋势。我国把国内可持续发展与全球应对气候变化相协调,实现绿色、低碳发展。加强产业结构的战略性调整,进行产业升级,促进结构节能;大力推广节能技术,淘汰落后产能,提高能源效率;积极发展新能源和可再生能源,优化能源结构,降低能源结构的含碳率,中近期以大幅度降低GDP的能源强度和CO2强度为主要目标,到2030年前后要努力使CO2排放达到峰值,到2050年再有较大幅度的下降,以适应全球控制温升不超过2℃长期减排目标下国际合作应对气候变化的进程和形势。"十二五"期间将进一步强化措施,进行能源消费总量控制,建立CO2排放统计、核算和考核体系,积极推进碳交易市场机制,这也将成为加快转变经济发展方式的重要着力点。China＇ s current economic and social development not only has been constrained by the bottleneck of resources and environment, but also has been challenged by global climate change and mitigation of carbon emissions. After promoting energy conservation and reducing CO2 emissions vigorously, China has arehived the great reduction rate of CO2 intensity of GDP, which has caught the world＇ s attention. However, because of rapid growth of GDP during the industrialization stage, CO2 emissions in China will be high and grow fast. China coordinates sustainable development and addressing global climate change to achieve the green, low carbon development. China will take following measures： to strengthen the strategic adjustment of industrial structure and industrial upgrade and to promote structural energy conservation; to promote energy-conservation technology, to eliminate backward production capacity and to improve energy efficiency; to develop new and renewable energy, to optimize energy structure and to reduce carbon ratio of energy structure. China＇ s main objective in the near future is to significantly reduce the energy intensity of GDP and CO2 intensity, to take efforts to reach CO2 emissions peak in 2030 and to significantly decrease them in 2050, in order to adapt to the long-term emission reduction goal of keeping the global temperature rise of less. During Twelveth Five Year Plan period, China will take more efforts to control the total energy consumption, to establish the statistics, accounting and evaluating systems of CO2 emissions and to promote the carbon trading market mechanisms. All these means will also accelerate the transfer of economic development pattern.

关 键 词：气候变化 能源战略 CO2减排 低碳经济 可持续发展 

分 类 号：F206[经济管理—国民经济] X321[环境科学与工程—环境工程]