地铁运营工况点型探测器探测性能试验研究  

Experimental Study on Performance of Spot Detectors on Subway Platform under Subway Operating Condition

作　　者：张昊[1] 赵金勇[2] 李宏文[1] 王燕平[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国建筑科学研究院建筑防火研究所 [2]北京市轨道交通建设管理有限公司设备管理总部五部

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2011年第8期43-47,共5页China Safety Science Journal

摘　　要：为了解地铁运营期点型探测器受活塞风的影响及其适应性和设置方式,采用碎纸、棉绳和聚氨酯塑料试验火,在地铁站台进行初期火灾探测实体试验。对2种类型点型探测器在模拟运营工况与夜间停运工况的适应性进行对比分析,同时,针对设置镂空格栅吊顶地铁车站,研究点型探测器在吊顶上下不同安装位置时的响应性能。试验结果表明:列车运行产生的活塞风扰乱烟气的上升和扩散运动,对阴燃火源烟气影响显著,有烟明火烟气能较快地通过格栅空隙到达中板;在地铁运营工况条件,烟温复合探测器响应性能表现不理想,不同空间安装的点型感烟探测器报警时间与报警数量均较停运工况发生变化。设置镂空格栅吊顶车站站台层公共区运营期使用点型感烟探测器进行保护时,应当贴中板和贴格栅吊顶双层安装。Field detecting experiments of early fire produced by scrap paper, smoldering cotton ropes and urethane foams on subway platform were conducted to study the effects of piston wind on smoke movement and the applicability and setting position of spot detectors. The applicability of two types of spot fire detectors under simulated operating and night stoppage conditions were compared and analyzed. At the same time, for the subway stations with grid ceilings, the performance of spot detectors installed above and under the ceiling were analyzed and studied. The results show that the train piston wind influences smoke rising and diffusing movement, especially the smoldering fires, but open flame smoke could reach the medium plate fast through the gaps of ceiling grid. Under the subway operating condition, the smoke and heat combination detectors perform unsatisfactorily, the alarm time and alarm numbers for spot smoke detectors in different space all change compared with those under stoppage condition. On subway platforms with grid ceilings, spot smoke detectors should be set both under the media plate and under the grid ceiling during operating periods.

关 键 词：地铁站台 运营工况 火灾探测器 点型感烟探测器 格栅吊顶 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]