清代宾兴礼补论  

A Supplementary Study on Binxing Ceremony of Qing Dynasty

作　　者：毛晓阳[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]闽江学院历史学系 [2]厦门大学教育研究院

出　　处：《清史研究》2011年第4期49-59,共11页The Qing History Journal

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目<社会公益视野下的清代科举宾兴研究>(09CZS008);中国博士后基金会特别资助项目<清代宾兴思想研究:教育公益思想史的视角>(200902306);福建省教育厅高校新世纪优秀人才支持项目<闽台教育公益基金的历史考察>(JA10215S)的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：清代宾兴礼的直接源头是明代宾兴礼。清代宾兴礼既对明代宾兴礼有所继承,同时据很多地方志的记载,清代宾兴礼逐渐演变为专指送别科举考生参加乡试的典礼。彩楼和月宫桥是清代宾兴礼上最为常见的场景布置,而《加官》、《魁星》等原本是戏剧开演前的舞蹈戏则是宾兴礼上常用的优伶表演剧目。由于清代前期地方科举经费预算被大幅度裁减,各地宾兴礼在缺乏经费的情况下,往往很难如期举行。为此,地方官和乡绅常临时捐资或捐置资产设立基金,以便可以长久举行宾兴礼,这也是清代各地科举考试公益基金大量涌现的重要原因。The Binxing ceremony of Ming dynasty was the direct headstream of Qing version. The choreography of the Qing practice was just the same as the Ming, but during the Qing the Binxing ceremony had gradually developed into a special ceremony for sending off the candidates for the imperial examination at the provincial level. As to the Binxing ceremony in Qing dynasty, decorated archway and moon bridges were the most familiar stage sets, and Jiaguan and Kuixing were the most familiar dramas which were a type of short play performed before the formal drama. In the early Qing dynasty, the local budget for imperial examinations was reduced by a wide margin, so the prefectures and local gentry managed to set up foundations in order to ensure that the Binxing ceremony continue to be held.

关 键 词：宾兴礼月宫桥 《加官》 《魁星》 宾兴基金 

分 类 号：K249[历史地理—历史学]