织锦巴非蛤稚贝盐度适应性研究  

Salinity adaptability of Paphia textzle spats at different salinity levels

作　　者：栗志民[1] 刘志刚[1] 韩伟贤[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学水产学院,广东湛江524025

出　　处：《海洋科学》2011年第10期96-102,共7页Marine Sciences

基　　金：广东省海洋渔业科技推广专项(A200899E04;A200908E05);广东省教育厅(GCZX-A0909)

摘　　要：采用实验生态学方法研究了水温25.7～28.4℃、pH 7.6～8.2条件下织锦巴非蛤(Paphia textzle Gmelin)稚贝对不同盐度的适应性,实验结果表明,织锦巴非蛤稚贝生存适宜盐度为22.3～35.86,生存最适盐度为26.0～27.3,表明该贝类属典型广盐性的滩涂贝类。此外,当盐度变化超出最适范围时,织锦巴非蛤稚贝呈现了一定的耐高盐特性。稚贝生长适宜盐度为24.74～33.76,生长最适盐度为26.0,在生长最适盐度下,稚贝鲜质量日增长为2.21 mg/d、壳长日增长为143.14μm/d、壳高日增长为90.00μm/d、壳宽日增长为65.29μm/d。当盐度变化超出生长最适范围时,稚贝相对成活率、鲜质量、壳长、壳高和壳宽日增长率显著下降,且低盐对增长率的抑制作用比高盐明显。The farming of Paphia textzle has been successfully developed in recent years and has brought high economic and social benefits to the coastal communities. In this study, effects of various seawater salinities on the survival and growth of P textzle spats were investigated by adopting experimental ecological measures, which would provide both insights into ecology of spats and reference for culturing and spreading of P textzle. The suit- able sea water salinity for the survival of P textzle spats was 22.3-35.86, with the optimum salinity range of 26.0-27.3, showing that P textzle was a typical euryhaline intertidal shellfish. In addition, P textzle spats possessed some tolerance to extreme low or high salinity. Furthermore, the suitable and optimum sea water salinities for the growth ofP textzle spats were 24.74-33.76 and 26.0 respectively. When sea water salinity was in the optimal range, the fresh weight （2.21 mg/d）, shell length （143.14 urn/d）, shell height （90.00 urn/d） and shell width （65.29 um/d） of P. textzle spats presented higher growth rates. Out of this range, however, growth rate of each character of P. textzle spats was significantly decreased, suggesting that the culture area of P textzle should be in the low tide zone, and the estuarine area of the low salinity should be avoided for practical use.

关 键 词：织锦巴非蛤(Paphia textzle Gmelin) 稚贝 盐度 存活 生长 

分 类 号：S968.3[农业科学—水产养殖]