密度和施氮量对沿海滩涂中度盐碱地蓖麻磷素吸收的影响  

Characteristics of phosphorus absorption in castor plants grown on medium coastal saline soil under different planting densities and nitrogen application quantity

作　　者：周桂生[1,2] 李军[1,2] 童晨[1,2] 董伟伟[1,2] 夏玉荣[1,2] 陆建飞[1,2] 封超年[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省扬州大学作物遗传生理重点实验室,江苏扬州225009 [2]扬州大学农业部长江中下游作物生理生态栽培重点实验室,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2011年第5期482-486,共5页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：江苏省农业科技支撑计划(SBE2010307);"十一五"国家科技支撑计划(2006BAD09A08-03);江苏省农业科技自主创新资金[CX(11)2054];国家自然科学基金(31171483)

摘　　要：以淄蓖5号和云蓖泰国202为试验品种,研究沿海滩涂中度盐碱地不同种植密度和施氮量条件下蓖麻磷吸收的特点及与产量的关系。结果表明,蓖麻苗期磷吸收百分率和吸收速率很低,蕾期显著增加,开花期达到高峰,花果期和灌浆成熟期逐渐降低。与淄蓖5号相比,云蓖泰国202在苗期吸收百分率和吸收速率较低,蕾期差异不大,开花期明显增高,灌浆成熟期仍保持着较高的磷吸收量。淄蓖5号在种植密度13 000株.hm-2、施氮量120kg.hm-2条件下产量最高,每生产100kg的蓖麻籽吸收磷1.23kg。云蓖泰国202在种植密度16 000株.hm-2,施氮量120kg.hm-2的条件下产量最高,每生产100 kg的蓖麻籽吸收磷1.10～1.13kg。由于盐碱地土壤中的有效磷含量较低,在本试验条件下即使施用50kg.hm-2的P2O5仍不能满足蓖麻对磷的需要,要进一步提高蓖麻产量还需加大磷肥投入。Phosphorus is an essential macro-nutrient to crop growth and yield development,especially under saline conditions where phosphorus shortage usually poses a threat.With Zibi 5 and Yunbi-TCO 202 as the tested cultivars,this study investigated the phosphorus absorption of castor plants grown on medium saline soil and its relationship with castor bean yield.The absorption percentage and rate of phosphorus were the lowest at seedling stage,gradually increased at budding stage,reached the peak during flowering stage,and declined after flowering and during fruiting stage,grain filling and ripening stage.Compared with Zibi 5,the absorption percentage and rate of phosphorus of Yunbi TCO-202 was higher at the stages of seedling,flowering,grain filling and ripening.Under the conditions of 13 000 plant·hm-2 planting density and 120kg·hm-2 nitrogen application,the castor bean yield and the amount of phosphorus of Zibi 5 were the highest and 1.23 kg phosphorus was absorbed to produce 100kg castor bean.Under the conditions of 16 000 plant·hm-2 planting density and 120kg·hm-2 nitrogen application,the yield and the absorption of phosphorus of Yunbi TCO-202 was the highest and 1.10 kg phosphorus was absorbed to produce 100kg castor bean.Due to the low content of available phosphorus in the saline soil,the application of 50kg P2O5 still couldn＇t meet the phosphorus demand of castor plants.More phosphorus should be applied to increase castor bean yield.

关 键 词：蓖麻 种植密度 施氮量 磷吸收 产量 

分 类 号：S565.606[农业科学—作物学]