紫色土坡面径流与侵蚀特征模拟试验研究  

Experimental Study on Characteristics of Runoff and Erosional Sediment Yield on Purple Soil Slope

作　　者：钟壬琳[1,2] 张平仓[2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省水土保持监测中心,杭州310009 [2]长江科学院水土保持研究所,武汉430010

出　　处：《长江科学院院报》2011年第11期22-27,共6页Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(2007CB407203)

摘　　要：应用人工模拟降雨试验,对紫色土坡面径流与侵蚀特征进行了模拟试验研究。结果表明:紫色土坡面初始产流时间随着雨强的增大而减少,且在小雨强下坡度对初始产流时间的影响显著;紫色土坡面径流总量有随坡度和雨强的增加而增大的趋势,坡度较大时,雨强对径流总量影响不明显;紫色土坡面侵蚀总量随坡度和雨强的增大而增大,10°、15°、20°坡的侵蚀量较大,在3 106.03～8 117.09 g之间,故应在坡度≥10°的坡地上实施有效的水土保持措施。We study the characteristics of runoff and erosional sediment yield on purple soil slopes by artificial rainfall simulation experiments.The result reveals that the initial runoff yield duration of purple soil slope decreases as rainfall intensifies,and the initial runoff yield is remarkably affected by the slope gradient under small rainfall intensity.The total volume of runoff on purple soil slope tends to rise with the increase of slope gradient and rainfall intensity;whereas rainfall intensity has no obvious influence on the total runoff on a steep slope.The sediment yield on purple soil slope goes up as the slope gradient and rainfall increases,for instance,when the slope gradient is 10°,15°,and 20°,the sediment yield is relatively large,ranging from 3 106.03 g to 8 117.09 g.In view of this,effective water and soil conservation measures should be implemented on soil slopes larger than or equal to 10 degrees.

关 键 词：紫色土 人工模拟降雨试验 径流量 侵蚀量 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学]