功利主义制度理论的逻辑困境--对新制度经济学制度起源理论的反思  

The Logical Dilemma of the New Institutional Economics of Utilitarianism: a Reflection on Its Theory of Institution Origin

作　　者：刘牧[1,2] 李锐[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学经济学院 [2]北京化工大学经济管理学院

出　　处：《学术研究》2011年第11期79-85,160,共7页Academic Research

摘　　要：新制度经济学继承了功利主义的传统,从功利的角度对制度的起源进行解释,并将个体的偏好和利益看做是外生于制度的。通过与人类学的对话将发现,利益总是由特定的文化塑造,纯粹的物质利益并不存在,因此认为制度是个体追逐利益的产物的观点,将会导致循环论证。新制度经济学之所以把"效率"作为评价制度优劣的标准,与其西方中心主义的思想背景有关。由于效率的内容也内生于制度,因此把它作为评价制度优劣的标准同样会导致循环论证。新制度经济学认为制度对个体的基本作用是约束其行为,但是运用分析哲学的方法将会发现,个体的选择集是由制度创造的,制度对个体的根本作用是解放,而非限制。New institutional economics inherits from the traditional utilitarianism,an angle of the utility of system,and explains the origin of the individual preferences and interests as something outside-born in the system.Through a dialogue with anthropology,we found that interest is always molded by specific culture,and pure material benefits do not exist,so we think that the point that system is a product of individual chasing benefits will lead to circular arguments.The new institutional economics is sending the efficiency as evaluation system,and the relative standard with western centralism about the ideological background.Because the contents and efficiency inside was born in system,therefore it as evaluation system quality standards will and can cause circular arguments.The new institutional economics takes the system of individuals as its basic function to restraint its behavior.But the use of the method of analytic philosophy will find that the individual choice set is created by the system,and the system plays the fundamental role of individual liberation,but not a restriction.

关 键 词：利益 制度 效率 交易费用朗显示对应的拉丁字符的拼音 

分 类 号：F069.9[经济管理—政治经济学]