5个榕树品种叶表面微形态结构与滞尘能力比较  

Leaf surface microstructures of five Ficus species and comparison of their dust detaining capabilities

作　　者：陈雪华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院分析测试中心,海口571101

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2011年第10期1245-1247,共3页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：中国热带农业科学院分析测试中心主任基金项目(2011-01)

摘　　要：【目的】测定不同榕树品种的滞尘能力,为正确选用榕树作为城市绿化树种提供科学依据。【方法】以细叶榕(Ficus microcarpa)、柳叶榕(Ficus heteropleura)、对叶榕(Ficus hispida)、高山榕(Ficus altissima)、黄褐榕(Ficusvirens)等5个榕树品种的成熟叶片为试验材料,应用扫描电子显微镜和滤纸恒重法观察叶片表面微形态结构,测定叶片滞尘量,并进行5个榕树品种滞尘能力比较。【结果】5个榕树品种的叶表面在表皮细胞、表皮纤毛、气孔等微形态结构上存在明显差异,对叶榕叶表面结构粗糙,具有蜂窝状的凹坑组织和表皮纤毛;细叶榕有不规则的岛状表皮细胞突起和大小不等的坑状组织,没有表皮纤毛;黄褐榕叶表面支脉细胞突起形成一个个的网格结构,无表皮纤毛;柳叶榕和高山榕叶表面较光滑,均无表皮纤毛。5个榕树品种因叶表面结构不同,滞尘能力也表现出明显差异。【结论】榕树叶片的形态特征是决定榕树叶片滞尘量的关键,5种榕树品种滞尘能力大小依次为:对叶榕>细叶榕>黄褐榕>高山榕>柳叶榕。[Objective]The present study was conducted to determine the dust detaining capabilities of different Ficus species in order to screen some suitable urban greening Ficus species.[Method]Mature leaves of five Ficus species,viz.,Ficus microcarpa,Ficus heteropleura,Ficus hispida,Ficus altissima and Ficus virens were collected from Haikou City（Hainan,China） .Scanning electronic microscope and filter paper constant weight methods were used to observe the leaf surface micro-morphological structures of the five Ficus species,and their dust detaining capabilities were compared.[Result]The microscopic photos showed significantly different leaf surface micro-morphological structures of the five Ficus species.The leaf surface structure of Ficus hispida was coarse,with honeycomb-like pit tissues and concentrated thread-like cilia.Ficus microcarpa had irregular island-like epidermal cell protuberances and pit tissues of different sizes,but without epidermal cilium.The cells in the leaf surface vein of Ficus virens protuberated to form web-like structure,without epidermal cilium.The leaf surfaces of Ficus heteropleura and Ficus altissima were smooth,without epidermal cilium.Due to different leaf surface micro-morphological structures,the five Ficus species showed different dust detaining capabilities.[Conclusion]The leaf morphological structure of Ficus plays an important role in determining their dust detaining capability.According to the observations of leaf surface morphological structures,the dust detaining capabilities of the five Ficus species was observed in following order：Ficus hispida Ficus microcarpa Ficus virens Ficus altissima Ficus heteropleura.

关 键 词：榕树 叶片 表面微形态结构 滞尘能力 

分 类 号：S687.1[农业科学—观赏园艺]