西藏亚东自然疫源地调查研究  

Investigation on natural foci of Yadong in Tibet

作　　者：张雪莲[1] 聂雪峰[1] 梁登富[2] 邓波[1] 范泉水[1] 古良琪[1] 周奕帆[1] 龙果华 胡小兵[1] 

机构地区：[1]成都军区疾病预防控制中心 [2]解放军115医院 [3]解放军77675部队医院

出　　处：《西南国防医药》2011年第11期1218-1221,共4页Medical Journal of National Defending Forces in Southwest China

摘　　要：目的了解西藏亚东自然疫源地详细分布,对自然疫源性疾病相关因素进行调查研究。方法采取夹捕法、粘鼠板法、笼捕法调查啮齿动物的密度分布、种类;常规方法和直接捕捉法调查媒介生物的地区分布;采集100份在亚东居住5年以上的本地居民血清,进行相关病原检测,调查人群感染状况和发病情况;查阅文献资料对亚东地理信息、啮齿动物和医学媒介种类进行补充、完善。结果此次在亚东地区采集的啮齿类动物共45只,其中鼠兔3只,小家鼠23只,灰腹鼠12只,黄胸鼠7只。采集到医学媒介178只,分别为蚤类41只,蚊科106只,蠓2只,蜱19只。结合本次实地调查和查阅历史资料获知,西藏亚东地区的啮齿类动物包括兔科、鼠兔科、鼯鼠科、松鼠科、鼠科、仓鼠科6个科中的9个属21种(亚种),医学媒介包括蚤科、蠕形蚤科、多毛蚤科、细蚤科、角叶蚤科、蚊科、蠓科、硬蜱科8个科中25属47种。与张启恩1995年发表的结果相比,当地健康人群的斑疹伤寒、辛德比斯和基孔肯雅热的阳性率分别为3%、2%和1%。结论西藏亚东地理环境复杂、地区海拔落差大、植被种类多;生长着21种啮齿动物和47种医学媒介生物。当地居民中已有斑疹伤寒、辛德比斯和基孔肯雅热感染者。Objective To understand the detailed distribution of the natural foci in Yadong, Tibet, and to investigate the related factors with the disease of natural foci. Methods The density distribution and species of rodents were investigated through the method of capturing rodents with clips, sticky board and cages. The endemic distribution of bio - vectors was investigated through the conventional method and the method of direct capture. One hundred samples of blood serum from the residents in Yadong who dwelled there at least 5 years were collected and detected for related pathogen. The geographic information of Yadong and the species of rodents and medical vectors were supplemented and consummated through literature review. Results The collection in Yadong included 45 rodents,in which there were 3 pikas,23 Mus musculuses, 12 Rattus echas and 7 Rattus flavipectuses. There were 178 collected medical vectors, which included 41 of Pulicidae, 106 of Culicidae,2 Spinulosuses and 19 ticks. According to the field investigation and historical data, the rodents in Yadong included 21 species/subspecies of 9 genera in Leporidae, Ochotonidae, Petauristidae, Sciuridae, Muridae and Cricetidae. The medical vectors included 47 species of 25 genera in Pulicidae, Vermipsyllidae, Hystrichopsyllidae, Leptopsyllidae, Ceratop - hyllidae, Culicidae, Ceratopogonidae and Ixodidae. Compared with investigated results published by Zhang Qi ＇en in 1995, the positive rate of typhus fever, sindbis and chikungvnya fever in local healthy people was respectively 3% ,2% and 1%. Conclusion The geographic environment in Yadong is complicated, and the altitude drop in this area is so sharp. The vegetation species is various, and there are 21 species of rodents and 47 species of medical bio - vectors. There are persons infected by typhus fever, sindbis and chikungvnya fever among the local residents.

关 键 词：亚东 自然疫源地 自然疫源性疾病 调查 

分 类 号：R183.5[医药卫生—流行病学]