老年下呼吸道感染病原菌耐药性分析  

Analysis of pathogen distribution and resistance in lower respiratory tract infections from the Gerontologist Department

作　　者：姚反修[1] 曹婷婷[1] 

机构地区：[1]郑州大学第五附属医院老年病科,河南郑州450052

出　　处：《临床肺科杂志》2011年第12期1849-1851,共3页Journal of Clinical Pulmonary Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解老年下呼吸道感染常见病原菌的感染现状及耐药性规律。方法采用API鉴定细菌及真菌,纸片扩散法测定细菌药物敏感性,Rosco纸片法测定真菌药物敏感性。结果痰培养阳性率为15.7%,检出率前三位病原菌:铜绿假单胞菌(27.7%)、肺炎克雷伯菌(19.7%)及不动杆菌(15.6%),耐药性分析:葡萄球菌属未发现万古霉素耐药株,但对其它多种抗菌药物耐药;肠杆菌科细菌对碳青霉烯类、头孢哌酮舒巴坦和哌拉西林他唑巴坦较敏感,铜绿假单胞菌药物敏感性为碳青霉烯类>头孢他定>哌拉西林他唑巴坦>头孢哌酮舒巴坦。结论我院老年下呼吸道感染病原菌以杆菌为主,且耐药率较高,应引起重视并合理选择抗菌药物。Objective To analyze the pathogen distribution and resistance pattern of the positive clinical sputum specimens in our Gerontologist Department.Methods The bacteria and fungi were identified by API system.The susceptibility of antimicrobial and antifungal agents was tested by KB and Rosco disk diffusion method.The data were analyzed by WHONET 5.4 software.Results The positive rate of sputum specimens was 15.7% in our Gerontologists Department.The pathogen of the top three isolating ate were Pseudomonas aeruginosa（27.7%）,lebsiella pneumoniae（19.7%）,and Acinetobacterspecies（15.6%）.In view of the resistance,no Staphylococcusspecies resistant to vancomycin,hile they were resistant to many other antimicrobial agents;the Enterobactericaeae were sensitive to meropenem,Imipenem,cefoperazone-sulbactam and piperacillin-tazobactam.But the sensitivity of Escherichia coli and Enterobacter cloacae was descend in quinolines;P.aerugiosa of Nonfermenters was sensitive to meropenem,Imipenemceftazidimepiperacillin-tazobactamcefoperazone-sulbactam,no Acinetobacter baumanniis resistant to carbapenems.Conclusion The major pathogenic bacteria in lower espiratory tract infections was Gram-negative bacteria.The pathogens in lower aspiratory tract infections have a high resistance rate to many antimicrobial agents.In view of the seriousness of this problem,we must give more attention to it and select antimicrobial agents rationally.

关 键 词：下呼吸道感染 病原菌 耐药性 

分 类 号：R446.5[医药卫生—诊断学]