家蚕神经系统研究进展  

Advances in the research on the nervous system of the silkworm, Bombyx mori

作　　者：于奇[1] 周启升[1] 刘庆信[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学发育遗传学研究室,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2011年第10期1172-1180,共9页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：山东省海外高层次人才专项基金项目(72019)

摘　　要：家蚕Bombyx mori神经系统属于腹神经索型,构造简单,却能产生丰富的行为,是研究神经生物学的理想实验材料。研究表明:家蚕神经系统由中枢神经系统、外周神经系统和交感神经系统构成,通过信号传递在调节家蚕视觉、嗅觉、取食、结茧、交配、排泄等生命活动中发挥作用。家蚕具有编码乙酰胆碱、γ-氨基丁酸、多巴胺等多种神经递质及其受体和促前胸腺激素(prothoracicotropic hormone,PTTH)、滞育激素(diapause hormone,DH)等神经肽的基因。家蚕神经系统发育受到许多基因和bmo-miR-92等小分子RNA的调控。目前研究家蚕神经的方法主要有触角电位技术、免疫细胞化学法、转基因方法、神经信息学及计算机三维重建等。对家蚕神经系统的研究有助于阐明神经系统的信号传递机制和生物神经网络的形成机制。The silkworm, Bombyx mori, has a ventral nerve cord-type nervous system, which is more simple in structure than that of vertebrates; however, the simple system controls the complex behavior of the silkworm. Therefore, B. mori is an ideal model animal for neurobiology study. The silkworm nervous system, including the central nervous system, the peripheral nervous system and the sympathetic nervous system, plays a role in the regulation of sight, smell, feeding, cocooning, mating, excretion and other life activities of the silkworm by transferring signals. The genes coding for neurotransmitters, e.g., acetylcholine, γ-aminobutyric acid and dopamine, and neuropeptides, e.g., prothoracicotropic hormone （PTTH） and diapause hormone （DH）, were found in the nervous system of the silkworm. The development of the silkworm nervous system is regulated by a variety of genes and MicroRNA, such as bmo-miR-92. At present, the main research methods for silkworm nervous system include electroantennogram, immunocytochemistry, transgenic methods, neuroinformatics, and three-dimensional reconstructions. The research on silkworm nervous system will help to illuminate the signal transmission mechanisms of nervous system and the formation mechanisms of biological neural networks.

关 键 词：家蚕 神经系统 神经递质 神经肽 神经发育 

分 类 号：Q965[生物学—昆虫学]