金鱼胚胎发育过程中免疫相关酶活性及丙二醛含量的变化  

Changes of the activities of enzymes related to immunity and the content of malondialdehyde during embryonic development of goldfish Carassius auratus

作　　者：孔祥会[1] 王书平[1] 江红霞[1] 聂国兴[1] 李学军[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南师范大学生命科学学院,河南新乡453007

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2011年第6期1293-1298,共6页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：河南省科技厅重点科技攻关计划项目(072102130027);河南省科技厅水产养殖学重点学科(2009);河南省教育厅高等学校青年骨干教师资助计划(2007)

摘　　要：以金鱼(Carassius auratus)胚胎为研究对象,于受精卵发育24 h时开始取样,以后每隔24 h分别取正常发育胚胎作为实验样品。采用生物化学方法分别测定金鱼胚胎发育不同时期溶菌酶和过氧化氢酶活性及丙二醛含量。结果显示,溶菌酶(lysozyme,LSZ)活性在金鱼胚胎发育过程中呈现下降的趋势,受精后96 h胚胎中LSZ活性降至最低点,为(0.450±0.064)U/mg;96 h和以后的120 h、144 h胚胎LSZ活性均显著低于24 h胚胎LSZ活性(P<0.05)。过氧化氢酶(catalase,CAT)活性在胚胎发育过程中也呈现下降的变化趋势,96 h、120 h和144 h胚胎CAT活性显著低于24 h胚胎CAT活性(P<0.05)。而丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)含量在胚胎发育中呈逐渐增多的趋势,96 h后明显增多,120 h和144 h胚胎MDA含量显著高于24 h胚胎MDA含量(P<0.05)。金鱼胚胎发育过程中LSZ和CAT活性逐渐降低是由于这两种母源性的酶在胚胎发育中逐步消耗,而自身酶合成系统尚未形成所致。CAT活性降低导致活性氧自由基增多和MDA逐渐积累,说明胚胎发育后期细胞内已发生一定的氧化应激反应。Embryonic development is a critical period that determines the quality of juvenile fish. Our objective was to determine the mechanisms modulating metabolism during embryonic development in goldfish Carassius auratus. A number of key enzymes play an important role during the process of embryonic development, including lysozyme （LSZ） and catalase （CAT）, both of which are involved in immunity. Similarly, malondialdehyde （MDA） content reflects the level of lipid peroxidation, which results from the reduction of antioxidant defenses. We collected healthy embryos at several stages following fertilization and measured LSZ and CAT activity and MDA content. LSZ and CAT activity decreased gradually during development of the embryos. LSZ activity was lowest after 96 h, i.e. （0.450±0.064） U/mg. Furthermore, LSZ activity was lower at 96, 120, and 144 h than that at 24 h （P〈0.05）. CAT activity also decreased significantly after 96, 120, and 144 h （P〈0.05）, relative to levels in 24 h old embryos. In contrast, MDA content increased gradually throughout embryonic development, with the largest increase occurring after 96 h. MDA content was significantly higher after 120 and 144 h than after 24 h （P〈0.05）. In summary, LSZ and CAT activities gradually decreased during development and were generally significantly lower than initial levels by 96 h. This decrease is likely due to metabolism of maternal enzymes and the poor ability of the embryos to synthesize new enzymes. The decrease in CAT activity likely resulted in a surplus of reactive oxygen species, leading to the accumulation of MDA. Our results suggest that the embryos were subject to certain level of oxidative stress. Furthermore, it appears that the first 96 h of embryonic development is critical in determining the future of embryonic development. Therefore, goldfish embryos should be handled with care during this period to minimize stress. The duration of embryonic development should also be maintained within a suitable range by manipulati

关 键 词：溶菌酶 过氧化氢酶 丙二醛 胚胎发育 金鱼 

分 类 号：S961[农业科学—水产养殖]