北印度洋—南海海面风速和有效波高的年代际变化  

Interdecadal variations of sea surface wind and significant wave height in the North Indian Ocean and South China Sea

作　　者：周林[1] 梅勇[1,2] 王慧娟[1] 郑崇伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]解放军理工大学气象学院 [2]解放军71770部队气象台

出　　处：《大气科学学报》2011年第5期547-554,共8页Transactions of Atmospheric Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41076074)

摘　　要：采用1958年1月—2001年12月ECMWF ERA-40的10m风场资料,以及由该风场资料驱动WAVEWATCHⅢ得到的北印度洋—南海海域44a的海浪场资料,通过EOF分析、正交小波分析和M-K检测方法,分析了北印度洋—南海海域海面风场和有效波高的年代际变化特征。结果表明:北印度洋—南海海域存在3个大风、大浪区,其中亚丁湾以东洋面风力最强,有效波高最高;表面风场和有效波高存在35、15和3a的主周期变化,并自20世纪70年代中期以来,年平均风场和有效波高均存在明显增强趋势,1977年为突变起始年;年平均海表10m风速和有效波高随时间增大主要是由冬季和春季海表10m风速和有效波高随时间增大引起的;冬、秋季海面风场与有效波高的年际、年代际变化周期较一致,冬季以35～40a的周期为主,秋季以11～12a的周期为主。Based the 10 m wind data of ERA-40 from ECMWF from January 1958 to December 2001,and the wave data in the North Indian Ocean and South China Sea,which are generated by WAVEWATH-III Model driven by the 10 m wind data,this paper analyzed the interdecadal variation characteristics of sea surface wind（SSW） and significant wave height（SWH） in the North Indian Ocean and South China Sea by using the EOF analysis,wavelet transform analysis and M-K statistic test methods.Results show that：1） There are three high-value areas in the North Indian Ocean and South China Sea,and both SSW and SWH are the highest in the eastern area of Gulf of Aden;2） The SSW and SWH have significant periodic variations of 35,15 and 3 years,and there are obvious increasing trends for the yearly SSW and SWH since the mid-1970s with the abrupt change in 1977;3） The increases of yearly SSW and SWH are owed to the increases of SSW and SWH in winter and spring;4） The interannual and interdecadal variations of SWH are relatively same to SSW in autumn and winter,and the main period is 11—12 years in autumn and 35—40 years in winter.

关 键 词：北印度洋—南海 海面风速 有效波高 正交小波分析 M-K统计检验 

分 类 号：P732[天文地球—海洋科学]