淇澳岛两种红树林区大型底栖动物群落比较  

Comparison of the macrobenthic community in two mangrove regions in Qiao Island

作　　者：钟燕婷[1] 张再旺[1] 唐以杰[2] 陈康[1,2] 刘本汉[1] 方展强[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学生命科学学院广东省高等学校生态与环境科学重点实验室,广州510631 [2]广东第二师范学院生物系,广州510303

出　　处：《生态科学》2011年第5期493-499,共7页Ecological Science

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(NO.2009B030600006);国家科技支撑计划项目(NO.2009BADB2B0401-02);珠海市科技计划项目(NO.PC20081050);广东第二师范学院教授博士科研专项经费研究项目(NO.10ARF01)

摘　　要：对珠海淇澳岛天然秋茄(Kandelia candel)与人工恢复无瓣海桑(Sonneratia apetala)两种红树林林地间大型底栖动物群落结构进行了比较研究。结果显示,天然秋茄林与人工无瓣海桑林林地大型底栖动物种类组成及数量分布都存在差异,秋茄林大型底栖动物平均生物量、栖息密度分别为668.64g·m^(-2)和8370个·m^(-2),无瓣海桑林分别为511.64g·m^(-2)和4748个·m^(-2)。两个红树林剖面不同潮位带大型底栖动物结构存在差异,秋茄林生物量和栖息密度的最高值都在中潮带,主要是由节肢动物和软体动物所主导:无瓣海桑林栖息密度的最高值也是在中潮带,生物量变化比较不规则。两个红树林剖面大型底栖动物群落特征的季节变化较明显,生物量都是秋季处于最高水平:栖息密度都是冬季处于最高水平,秋季最低:生物多样性都是夏季处于最低,但最高值秋茄林剖面是在春季,而无瓣海桑林剖面则是秋季。研究结果表明,林地底质和盐度等生境条件以及红树林群落的高度、郁闭度和林下通风透光等生态特征的差异是造成红树林底栖动物群落差异的重要原因。The macrobenthic community structures were studied in two mangroves, natural Kandelia candel and Sonneratia apetalaplantation, in Qiao Island of Zhuhai. The results showed that the macrobenthic number and composition in natural Kandelia candel were very different from those in Sonneratia apetala plantation. The average macrobenthic biomass and diversity in Kandelia candel were 668.64 g·m^-2 and 8370·m^2, while they were 511.64 g·m^-2 and 4748·m^-2 in Sonneratia apetala. There were some differences in macrobenthic community structure in different tidal zones in mangrove sections. The highest biomass and density of Kandelia candel were observed in the mid-tidal region, which were mainly influenced by the Arthropods and Mollusks. The highest density of Sonneratia apetala was also found in the mid-tidal region, but the biomass changed irregularly. The characteristics of macrobenthic community in two sections of mangroves showed obviously seasonal changes. The highest biomass was in autumn; the highest density was in winter, and the lowest in summer; the lowest diversity was in summer; the highest diversity in Kandelia candel was in spring; the highest diversity in Sonneratia apetala was in autumn. The results indicated that the factors including quality of soil environment, the height of plants and shelter, as well as the air and light conditions in forest ecosystem caused the differences in macrobenthic community.

关 键 词：天然秋茄林 无瓣海桑人工林 大型底栖动物 

分 类 号：X824[环境科学与工程—环境工程] Q14[生物学—生态学]