圆环面刀具五坐标数控加工旋转切触刀位算法  

Rotary Contact Tool Positioning Algorithm for Five-axis NC Machining with the Toroidal Cutter

作　　者：樊文刚[1] 李建勇[1] 蔡永林[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学机械与电子控制工程学院,北京100044

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2011年第19期187-192,共6页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金资助项目(200800040018)

摘　　要：针对圆环面刀具加工开阔自由凹曲面,提出一种新的五坐标旋转切触刀位算法。算法来自于传统多点切触加工的逆向思考,首先确定刀具在工件曲面等距面上局部坐标系中的初始位置,然后优化调整刀具的后跟角和侧偏角,使刀具表面和工件曲面在不发生局部过切的前提下在最小主曲率方向两侧实现两点切触。与传统的多点刀位算法根据两个切触点来计算刀位不同,旋转切触刀位算法通过刀具的后跟角和侧偏角来确定最优刀位,而刀具表面和工件曲面之间的两个切触点则不需要求出。实例计算和加工仿真表明,旋转切触刀位算法不仅能够有效地产生无局部过切的多点刀位,从而不需要额外的局部过切检测及修正过程,而且在相同的加工误差下其产生的加工带宽约为UG算法的两倍,加工效率得到明显提高。For open sculptured concave surface machining by the toroidal cutter,a new five-axis rotary contact tool positioning algorithm is proposed based on the reverse thinking of the traditional multi-point machining.The initial tool location in the local coordinate system on the offset surface of the design surface is determined.After the backwards and side tilt angle of the tool are optimized,there are two contact points between the tool surface and the design surface around the minimum direction of curvature without gouging.The traditional multi-point tool positioning algorithms search the optimal tool positions by the two contact points;however,the rotary contact tool positioning algorithm finds the optimal tool positions by the backwards and side tilt angle of the tool and the two contact points do not need to be figured out.Computational example and machining simulation show that the rotary contact tool positioning algorithm can not only generate gouge-free multi-point tool positions to avoid additional local gouge checking and correction process,but also produce about double machined strip width to raise the actual machining efficiency by contrast with UG algorithm.

关 键 词：五坐标 多点加工 刀位 自由曲面 

分 类 号：TP391[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]