海河流域地表水与地下水耦合模拟  

A Coupled Surface-water/Groundwater Model for Haihe River Basin

作　　者：王中根[1] 朱新军[1] 李尉 罗燏辀 张明华[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所陆地水循环及地表过程重点实验室,北京100101 [2]加州大学戴维斯分校陆地-大气-水资源系,美国95616

出　　处：《地理科学进展》2011年第11期1345-1353,共9页Progress in Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40701027,40730632);水利部公益性行业科研专项经费项目(200701005)

摘　　要：近10年来海河流域地下水超采严重,急需加强流域地表水与地下水统一管理。地表水与地下水的耦合模拟研究是实现流域地表与地下水资源综合管理的重要支撑。本文探讨了当前3种不同的地表水与地下水耦合方式,基于现有数据条件和应用管理的需求,提出了将成熟的流域地表水SWAT与地下水MODFLOW模型进行松散耦合的技术框架,并构建了海河流域地表水与地下水耦合模型。在流域地表空间上,根据流域特性和管理需求,划分了283个子流域和2100个水文响应单元(HRU);在平原区地下空间上,基于15个大的岩性分区剖分出若干个4 km×4 km网格。通过GIS平台,建立流域地表水与地下水计算单元的转换关系。并利用1995-2004年水文气象数据进行验证分析,取得较好模拟精度。该耦合模型不仅能够支撑流域现状管理,而且可用于气候变化与南水北调工程对流域水资源影响评估分析。The Haihe River Basin covers 318 200 km2 in northern China, consisting of mountains and plateaus in the north and west, and the North China Plain in the eastern and southern parts. With rapid population growth and economic development, the combined problems of water shortage and water contamination significantly constrain the sustainable development in this area. At present, severe over-exploitation of groundwater was observed in the Haihe River Basin, with about 2/3 of the water supply relying on groundwater. In order to strengthen the unified management of groundwater and surface water, we need to develop coupled hydrologic modeling of surface- and groundwater which provides essential technical supports in the management planning of the Haihe River Basin. This article discussed existing modeling structures for coupled surface water and groundwater simulations. Loose coupling of SWAT model （for surface water simulation） and MODFLOW （for groundwater simulation） was developed based on the consideration of management-oriented application and data availability. The results of model evaluation indicated that, the newly developed modeling framework, integrated with GIS platform, reasonably captured the spatiotemporal variability of the hydrological processes of the surface water and groundwater in the study area. This article built a coupled SWAT/MODFLOW model for the Haihe River Basin. For surface water simulation, the study area was divided into 283 sub-watersheds, and further into 2100 hydrologic response units （HRU） based on land use and soil maps. For groundwater simulation, grid system of 4 by 4 km2 was established for the 15 major lithologic regions. In a GIS-based platform, the groundwater grids were geo-referenced to corresponding overlying HRUs. The modeling results showed a good agreement with the measurements of surface water and groundwater during 1995-2004. Results of model evaluation indicated that the developed model could be a promising tool in watershed management planning under the conte

关 键 词：地表水 地下水 耦合模拟 海河流域 

分 类 号：P333[天文地球—水文科学]