空间异质性及绿色空间对大气污染的削减效应——以大珠江三角州为例  

Spatial Heterogeneity and Air Pollution Removal by Green Space in Greater Pearl River Delta

作　　者：丁宇[1] 李贵才[1] 路旭[2] 高梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学深圳研究生院城市规划与设计学院,深圳518055 [2]沈阳建筑大学建筑与规划学院,沈阳110168

出　　处：《地理科学进展》2011年第11期1415-1421,共7页Progress in Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(40830747)

摘　　要：随着城市化进程的加快,生态空间在区域大气污染改善中的角色越来越重要。本文从区域内部地域构成的空间异质性视角,采用干沉降模型,建立植被对大气污染削减效应与空间特征的表征方式,用以揭示不同次区域中绿地对大气污染削减研究的重点和特色。研究表明,"中"次区域污染削减量明显高于"高"、"低"次区域,然而"中"次区域绿地功能的发挥仍处于污染驱动阶段;"高"、"低"次区域已进入绿地功能驱动阶段,生物多样性、生态结构和景观格局对大气污染削减的影响更加突出。森林下垫面对大珠三角地区SO2、NO2、PM10污染物的削减率分别为1.3%、0.7%和4.1%。最后,提出结合资源禀赋和城市发展特征开展绿色空间的功能导向型研究,并探讨了未来研究发展的主要趋势和重点问题。With rapid urbanization, the importance of air pollution removal by regional green space had been widely accepted. Therefore, the concept of spatial heterogeneity and ecological function were applied to regional management and spatial planning. This article took the view of spatial heterogeneity, and analysed the relevant factors and discrimination method. The current study established the correlation between air pollution reduction effect and spatial characteristics, which revealed the impact of spatial heterogeneity on vegetation. The study showed that the relative effects of regional forest cover in reducing air pollutant concentrations in the atmosphere of SO2, NO2, and P1l0were 1.3%, 0.7% and 4.1%, respectively, which varied in different sub-regional air quality improvement. Pollutant removal rates in moderate ability subregion was obviously higher than that in high-ability subregion and low-aridity subregion. However the driving force of ecological function in moderare aridity subregion was still at the level of pollution-driven stage, compared with the other two subregions at the levels of green feature-driven stage. Therefore, the effects of biological diversity, ecological structure and landscape pattern on ecological function were more prominent. Finally, some problems were pointed out and function-oriented research was proposed as the main development trend in the future.

关 键 词：空气质量 异质性 区域绿地 大珠江三角洲 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]