收获时间对玉米单交种种子质量和萌发过程中贮藏物质运转的影响  

Effect of harvest time on seed quality and storage matter transportation of maize single-cross hybrids during seed germination

作　　者：刘晟宇[1] 杨力[1] 刘亚亮[1] 孙扬[1] 肖薇航[1] 冷麟良[1] 张治安[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学农学院,长春130118

出　　处：《东北农业大学学报》2011年第10期25-29,共5页Journal of Northeast Agricultural University

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑计划重点项目(2009BADB3B03);吉林省科技发展计划重点项目(20090221)

摘　　要：以授粉后不同时间收获的玉米单交种郑单958为试验材料,研究了不同收获时间对种子发芽率、百粒重以及种子萌发过程中可溶性糖、淀粉含量和贮藏物质运转的影响。结果表明,授粉后40d收获的玉米种子其发芽率最低,未达到国家玉米良种发芽率85%的标准,而授粉后55d收获的玉米种子其发芽率最高,为97.3%。授粉后60d收获的玉米种子其百粒重最高,为33.22g。玉米种子在萌发过程中,淀粉含量表现为下降变化。授粉后55、60d收获的单交种在其种子萌发过程中淀粉含量都显著地高于40、45、50d收获的单交种。在萌发过程中,不同时间收获的玉米单交种贮藏物质的运转率和消耗率均随授粉天数的增加而呈上升趋势,且运转率和消耗率的比值在1.3～1.5之间,其中,授粉后55d收获的玉米单交种萌发过程中运转率与消耗率的比值最大为1.43。Using single-cross Zhengdan958 hybrid maize harvested at different time after pollination as experimental material, studied how different harvest time affected germination rate of maize seeds, 100-seed weight and soluble sugar content during seed germination, starch content and reserve transportation. The results showed that maize seeds harvested after 40 d of pollination, with had the lowest germination rate failed to meet the national standard rate, which was 85%; and seeds harvested after 55 d had the highest germination rate which was 97.3%. Seeds harvested after 60 d had the highest 100-seed weight, which was 33.22 g. During the process of germination, starch content had a trend of falling. During the process of germination, maize seeds harvested after 55, 60 d of pollination, its starch content was outstanding higher than maize seeds harvested after 40, 45, 50 d. During the process of germination, the reserve translocation rate and consumption rate had a trend of increasing with days after pollination, and ratio of the reserve translocation and consumption were from 1.3 to 1.5. Seeds harvested after 55 d pollination had the biggest ratio which was 1.43.

关 键 词：玉米单交种 收获时间 种子质量 物质运转 

分 类 号：S513.032[农业科学—作物学]