广东省近10年抗结核病药物耐药谱的发展变化分析  被引量:1

Analysis of the change of the anti-TB drug resistance spectrum in last decade in Guangdong province

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作  者:尹建军[1] 陈亮[1] 许卓卫[2] 钱明[3] 蒋莉[4] 钟球[5] 

机构地区:[1]广东省结核病防治研究所防治科,广州510630 [2]广州市胸科医院第一门诊 [3]广东省结核病防治研究所检验室,广州510630 [4]广东省结核病防治研究所信息科,广州510630 [5]广东省结核病防治研究所所长办公室,广州510630

出  处:《中国防痨杂志》2011年第11期718-721,共4页Chinese Journal of Antituberculosis

基  金:广东省医学科研基金项目(C2008006);"十一五"国家科技重大专项(2008ZX10003-007)

摘  要:目的探讨近10年广东省抗结核药物耐药谱的发展变化特点,为相关防控措施的制定提供有益参考。方法对1998、2009年2次全省结核病耐药调查结果进行耐药谱的比较分析。2次调查均采用随机整群抽样的方法,调查对象均为新登记初治涂阳患者(1998年1482例、2009年1224例)和复治涂阳患者(1998年166例、2009年475例);药敏检测均采用比例法。结果 (1)以1998年获得耐药谱为基本耐药单元,与2009年耐药基线调查结果比较,耐药率下降明显的耐药单元有:初治涂阳患者中异烟肼(H)从1998年的4.0%降至2009年的1.5%(χ2=12.6,P<0.01),异烟肼+利福平+链霉素(HRS)从1998年的1.3%降至2009年的0.0%(χ2=10.9,P<0.01);复治涂阳患者中异烟肼+利福平(HR)从1998年的6.0%降至2009年的1.7%(χ2=6.3,P<0.05)。(2)2009年调查发现,60.0%(21/35)的耐药谱、66.7%(8/12)的耐多药谱中包含对二线药物耐药;广泛耐药谱虽然仅发现2种,但患者在原发耐多药和继发耐多药中的比例已分别达到31.8%(14/44)和25.6%(10/39)。结论近10年来,虽然广东省抗结核病药物耐药情况总体呈现下降趋势,但仅有部分耐药单元的流行得到明显控制,全省结控工作仍然面临耐多药、广泛耐药结核病的挑战。Objective To explore the features of the change of the anti-TB drug resistance spectrum in last decade in order to provide reference for TB control policy development in Guangdong province. Methods Compar- ative analysis were conducted on the drug resistance spectrum collected respectively from drug resistant TB (DR- TB) surveys of 1998's and 2010' s. Both surveys adopted proportion method for drug susceptibility test (DST) and two-stage random sampling methods for choosing new smear positive cases(1482 cases in 1998; 1224 cases in 2009) and retreatment smear positive cases(166 cases in 1998; 475 cases in 2009). Results (1) The DR TB spectrum of 1998 were set as drug resistant units and compared with the 2009's, dramatic decline could be found in some drug resistant units, including isoniazid (H) from 4.0% to 1.5%(X^2= 12.6, P〈0. 01) and isoniazid+ rifampicin streptomycin (HRS) from 1.3 % to 0.0 ^(X^2 = 10.9, P(0.01) in new smear positive cases, isoniazid+ rifampicin (HR) from 6.0% to 1.7%(X^2=6.3,P〈0. 05) in retreatment smear positive cases. (2) According to the results of 2009' s survey, 60.0% (21/35) of DR-TB spectrum and 66.7% (8/12) of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) spectrum also included resistance to second-line drugs. Although only 2 patterns of extensively drug resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) were found, they accounted for 31.8% (14/44)of primary MDR-TB cases and 25.6%(10/39)acquired MDR-TB cases respectively. Conclusion Over the past 10 years, although the overall situation of anti-TB drug resistance showed a downward trend, only a limited number of drug resistance units were under control. The whole province still faces the challenges of MDR and XDR-TB.

关 键 词:结核 抗药性 细菌 广东省 

分 类 号:R978.3[医药卫生—药品]

 

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