结核分枝杆菌实验活动中个人防护现状调查与防护效果评价  

PREVALENCE SURVEY AND PROTECTIVE EFFICACY EVALUATION OF PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENTS(PPE) IN THE MYCOBACTERIOLOGY LABORATORY

作　　者：朱仁义[1] 郭常义[1] 葛艺琳[1] 蒋诚[1] 陈泰尧[1] 江宁[1] 陈越火[1] 田靓[1] 吴文娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市疾病预防控制中心,上海200336

出　　处：《中国消毒学杂志》2011年第6期699-702,706,共5页Chinese Journal of Disinfection

基　　金：科技部十一五重大专项课题(课题编号2009ZX10004-505)

摘　　要：目的了解目前结核分枝杆菌实验室实验活动中个人防护用品使用情况,评估所使用的个人防护用品的防护效果。方法采用现场调查和实验室检测的方法,对上海市部分从事结核分枝杆菌试验和检验操作的单位进行了评价。结果本次共调查16家从事结核分枝杆菌检测的实验室中,有68.75%以上的实验室能提供及使用至少4种个人防护用品,有25%的实验室只能提供2种N95口罩,其中一种不能完全阻挡耻垢分枝杆菌的穿透。在对27名实验人员N95口罩密合性测试中,只有70.37%的人员防护口罩密合性合格。个人防护用品的穿脱场所和顺序不一致,调查共有9种穿脱顺序,采用荧光剂指示物对9种穿脱顺序模拟现场污染测试中,只有1种标准穿脱顺序对工作人员身体不会造成污染。结论现从事结核分枝杆菌实验活动中个人防护用品的选择和使用不统一,存在实验室感染风险,急需制订相关规范。Objective To investigate the status of the current use of PPE in the mycobacteriology laboratory and to evaluate the efficacy of the protection of PPE.Methods Cross-sectional survey was carried out in 16 mycobacteriology laboratories.Fit test of medical protective mask and barrier property of PPE were examed.Results The investigation showed more than 68.75% of 16 mycobacteriology laboratories provided lab staffs four kinds of PPE above,but only two types of medical protective masks（N95） could be acquired in 25.00% labs,and one of two couldn＇t obstruct penetration of mycobacterium smegmatis.Only 70.37% of 27 lab staffs passed the test in fit test of medical protective mask.The site and sequence of donning and removing PPE were partly different in all mycobacteriology labs,9 kinds of sequences of donning and removing PPE were found,and the body might not be polluted in just one of nine sequences in the progress of fluorescence-simulant test.Conclusion The selection and use of PPE in mycobacteriology labs is disordered.The dangerous of lab-acquired infection exists and the guideline of use of PPE is needed.

关 键 词：结核分枝杆菌 实验活动 防护用品 防护性能 测试 

分 类 号：R184[医药卫生—流行病学]