广东烟田主要杂草类型与不同轮作方式杂草种类调查  

Investigation of the main weeds types and varieties in different rotation way in tobacco fields of Guangdong province

作　　者：韩云[1] 殷艳华[1] 王丽晶[1] 陈泽鹏 万树青[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学天然农药与化学生物学教育部重点实验室,广东广州510642 [2]广东省烟草公司,广东广州510610

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2011年第21期76-81,共6页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广东省烟草专卖局科技项目(201006)

摘　　要：采用对角线5点取样法调查广东13镇主要烟田杂草发生情况。结果表明:广东省烟地杂草有17科45种,根据对每种杂草优势度的评价可知,最主要的杂草有铁苋菜、酸模叶蓼、狗尾草、雨久花、胜红蓟、牛繁缕、无芒稗、空心莲子草、加拿大飞蓬、马唐、棒头草、稗草、蚤缀等13种;广东各地烟田主要杂草优势种各有差异,南雄市各地以铁苋菜、狗尾草、无芒稗、酸模叶蓼、香附子为主,其中铁苋菜发生尤为严重;梅州各地以雨久花、酸模叶蓼、水蓼、胜红蓟为主,其中雨久花发生量较大。烟旱轮作田优势种杂草为铁苋菜、酸模叶蓼、狗尾草、胜红蓟、牛繁缕、加拿大飞蓬、空心莲子草、蚤缀等;烟稻轮作田优势种杂草为酸模叶蓼、雨久花、铁苋菜、狗尾草、无芒稗、马唐、胜红蓟、稗草、莲子草等。铁苋菜、酸模叶蓼、狗尾草、胜红蓟为烟旱轮作田和烟稻轮作田共有的常见优势种杂草。The species and amount of weeds in main tobacco fields of 13 towns of Guangdong province were investigated by fivepoint sampling method, with 45 species to 17 families recorded. There were 13 main species according to the dominance of weeds, including A calypha australis, Polygonum lapathifolium, Setaria viridis, Monochoriamorsakowii, Ageratum conyzoides, Molachium aquaticum, Echinochloa crusgalli L.Beauv.var.mitis （Pursh） Peterm., A lternanthera philoxeroides, Erigeron canadensis, Digitaria sanguinalis, Polypogon fugax Nees ex Steud., Echinochloa crusgalli and Arenaria serpyllifolia. There were diversities among dominant species of the main weeds from place to place in Guangdong tobacco fields. The main species in Nanxiong city were Acalypha australis, Setaria viridis, Echinochloa crusgalli L.Beauv.var.mitis （Pursh） Peterm., Polygonum lapathifolium and Cyperus rotundus, with Acalypha australis as the most serious species. The main species in Meizhou city were Monochoriamorsakowii, Polygonum lapathifolium, Polygonum hydropiper and Ageratum conyzoides, the amount of Monochoriamorsakowii standing the most huge one. In the tabacoo-dryland rotation field, there were 8 dominant species including Acalypha australis, Polygonum lapathifolium, Setaria viridis, Ageratum conyzoides, Malochium aquaticum, Erigeron canculensis, Alternanthera philoxeroides and Arenaria serpyllifolia; In the tobacco-rice rotation field, there were 9 dominant species including Polygonum lapathifolium, Monochoriamorsakowii, Acalypha australis, Setaria viridis, Echinochloa crusgalli L.Beauv.var.mitis （Pursh） Peterm., Digitaria sanguinalis, Ageratum conyzoides, Echinochloa crusgalli and Alternanthera sessilis. Acalypha australis, Polygonum lapathifolium, Setaria viridis, Ageratum conyzoides were the common dominant species of weeds which were shared by tabacco-dryland rotation field and tabacco-rice rotation field.

关 键 词：烟田 杂草 密度 相对多度 优势种 

分 类 号：S451[农业科学—植物保护]