CAPD患者出现低钾血症的危险因素分析及护理对策  

作　　者：张小丹[1] 林建雄[1] 叶红坚[1] 易春燕[1] 黎渐英[1] 毛海萍[1] 郭群英[1] 阳晓[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学附属第一医院肾内科,广东广州510080

出　　处：《现代临床护理》2011年第10期21-23,12,共4页Modern Clinical Nursing

摘　　要：目的探讨持续性非卧床腹膜透析(continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis,CAPD)患者发生低钾血症的相关危险因素,并制订相应的护理对策。方法回顾性分析2010年10月～2011年4月在本院腹膜透析中心规律随访,并且有完整生化检查结果的375例患者的临床资料,分析引起低钾血症的危险因素。结果本组72例(19.20%)患者发生低钾血症,食欲差和每天透析剂量大是CAPD患者发生低钾血症的危险因素(均P<0.05)。结论低钾血症在长期CAPD治疗患者中较为常见,临床医护人员应该针对患者出现低钾血症的原因,制订相应的护理对策,从改善患者食欲、保护残余肾功能和腹膜功能等方面采取相应的护理干预措施,以降低患者低钾血症的发生率,提高患者的生活质量和长期存活率。Objective To investigate the prevalence and associated factors of hypokalemia in CAPD patients,and to formulate the corresponding nursing countermeasures for these patients.Methods Clinical data of 375 patients,who received CAPD over 1 month,were measured from October 2010 to April 2011.The risk factors of hypokalemia was analyzed.Results The prevalence of hypokalemia of CAPD patients in our PD center is 19.20%.Poor appetite and more daily exchange volume were independently associated with hypokalemia（all P 0.05）.Conclusions Hypokalemia is prevalent in CAPD patients in our peritoneal center.The development of hypokalemia is associated with the poor appetite and more daily exchange volume.We need to pay more attention to the hypokalemia of CAPD patients and its complications in the future.To decrease the rate of hypokalemia,improve the quality of patients and to increase the long term survival rate,we should formulate the corresponding nursing countermeasures such as improving the appetite,protecting residual kidney function and the peritoneum function.

关 键 词：腹膜透析 低钾血症 护理对策 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]