中国实施天然气能量计量与计价的基础条件分析  

Fundamental condition analysis for implementing natural gas energy measurement and valuation in China

作　　者：周志斌[1] 何润民[1] 何春蕾[1] 罗勤[1] 姚莉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油西南油气田公司

出　　处：《国际石油经济》2011年第10期62-66,108,共5页International Petroleum Economics

摘　　要：天然气按能量计量与计价已成为目前国际上最流行的天然气贸易和消费计量与结算方式。随着进口天然气的大量引进以及我国天然气供应系统的复杂化,我国对于天然气按体积计量和计价的方式将难以协调国产气与进口气贸易结算问题,难以适应多气源、多类型、多路径联网供气的天然气销售格局,难以解决天然气价值扭曲问题。因此,实行天然气按能量计量和计价在我国已经迫在眉睫。目前,我国实施天然气按能量计量和计价的技术标准基本具备、技术设备配置基本符合要求、发热量量值溯源技术体系也基本满足要求。相关单位已持续开展多项前期研究与模拟试验,企业与用户普遍赞同实施能量计价。未来更多的是需要国家进一步完善相关的实施标准,建立更高水平的天然气量值溯源体系,建立天然气质量监督体系,出台合理的天然气能量价格政策,支持和引导天然气实施能量计量和计价。Energy measurement and valuation of natural gas has become the most popular metering and billing method for international trade and for consumption of natural gas.With the introduction of a large amount of imported natural gas as well as the complexity of China's domestic natural gas supply system,China's use of volume measurement and valuation methods for natural gas make it hard to coordinate domestic and imported gas trade settlement problems,the multi-source,multi-type,and flow of natural gas on a multi path supply network will be difficult to adapt to,and natural gas value distortion will be difficult to resolve.Therefore,implementation of energy measurement and valuation of natural gas has become an immediate necessity in China.At present China has the technical standards in place for energy measurement and valuation of natural gas,has the basic technology and equipment to meet the requirements with a calorific value traceability system that basically meets the requirements,and continues to carry out a number of early studies and simulations,while enterprise users generally agree with implementation of energy pricing.More countries need to further improve the implementation of relevant standards,establish a higher level natural gas traceability system,establish a natural gas quality monitoring system,introduce a reasonable natural gas energy pricing policy,and support and guide the implementation of natural gas energy measurement and valuation.

关 键 词：天然气 能量计量 能量计价 供应结构 技术标准 热值 中国 

分 类 号：F426.22[经济管理—产业经济]