混合立管系统严重段塞流流动特性的实验研究  

An experimental study of severe slugging in pipeline/hybrid riser systems

作　　者：彭明[1,2] 邓道明[1] 李晓平[1] 陈金金[1] 吴海浩[1] 李清平 于达[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)城市油气输配技术北京市重点实验室 [2]中国石化青岛液化天然气有限责任公司 [3]中海石油研究总院

出　　处：《天然气工业》2011年第11期83-87,128,共5页Natural Gas Industry

基　　金：国家油气重大科技专项(编号:2008ZX05030-005-12)

摘　　要：深海油气田开采过程中混合立管系统会出现严重段塞流,造成系统流动特性参数周期性剧烈波动,严重危害海洋开发系统。在混合立管系统的模拟装置上,实验研究了混合立管系统严重段塞流的流动特性。研究结果表明:混合立管严重段塞流的1个周期分为液塞形成、液塞生产、液气喷发和液体回流4个阶段,立管的垂直管段与U形柔性管段的流动特性稍有不同,U形柔性管段在液气喷发阶段产生剧烈抖动;严重段塞流周期随气液相折算速度的增大而减小;立管压力波动幅度随气相折算速度的增大先增大后减小;液塞长度随气相折算速度的增加而减小,且下倾管增加缓冲容积时液塞长度明显增大,减小出油管长度有利于抑制严重段塞流;在深水混合立管系统结构尺寸变化范围内,垂直管高度和U形柔性管尺寸对严重段塞流的发生范围及特性影响不大。该研究结果将为混合立管的设计提供一定的参考依据。Severe slugging is commonly encountered in hybrid riser systems during deepwater oil and gas exploitation.The severe slugging,characterized by periodical intense flow parameters fluctuation,can cause great damages to the offshore oil and gas development.The severe slugging is studied in a laboratory setup which simulates deepwater pipeline hybrid riser systems.The results show that the severe slugging consists of four stages,namely,formation,production,blowout,and liquid refluxing.The flow performances of a vertical riser and a U-shaped flexible pipe are a little different.The flexible pipe shakes greatly in the blowout stage.The period of severe slugging decreases with the increase of the superficial velocities of gas and liquid.The pressure fluctuation of the riser first increases then decreases with the superficial gas velocities;while the length of liquid slug decreases with the increase of the superficial liquid velocities,but increases obviously when the buffering volume of the downward inclined section is getting enlarged,so reducing the length of flow lines can inhibit the severe plugging.Within a varied range of structural sizes of deepwater hybrid riser systems,the vertical pipe height and the longitudinal size of the U-shaped flexible pipe impose little effect on the occurrence area and characteristics of severe slugging.This study provides basis for the design of hybrid riser systems.

关 键 词：混合立管 两相流 严重段塞流 流型图 周期 压力波动 液塞长度 结构尺寸 

分 类 号：TE832[石油与天然气工程—油气储运工程]