分工、专业化与模块化:产业集群演化的一个视角  

Industrial Division,Specialization and Modularization:A View of the Evolution of Industrial Clusters

作　　者：闫彦明[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海社会科学院经济研究所,上海200020

出　　处：《学术月刊》2011年第11期86-92,共7页Academic Monthly

基　　金：国家哲学社会科学基金项目"东部地区金融服务业集群战略研究"(09CJL039)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：随着社会化大生产的发展,产业分工与专业化不断深化。国内外学者普遍认为,分工、专业化有助于提高社会生产的效率。目前,产业集群已成为与市场、企业共存的"第三种生产组织方式",而其形成与发展往往以分工与专业化为基础。由此可见,产业集群优势的获得与产业分工及网络化产业协作等是密切相关的,即产业集群崛起的根本动力是基于产业分工与网络化协作的集群经济优势。在分工、专业化的推动下,产业集群进行了持续的发展、演化,以有效适应技术发展、市场需求和经济发展的需要,其中一些适应性差的产业集群将遭到淘汰。在产业集群的演化过程中,分工、专业化与模块化发挥着一脉相承的重要作用。其中,在产业分工基础上不断创新发展的模块化生产方式,既突破了传统产业链的组合方式、传统企业的生产方式,同时也深刻地改变着产业集群演化的规则与路径。模块化对全球产业集群演化的影响是多方面的,如提升规模经济效应、提高集群内企业的专业化协作效率、激发创新活力、推动行业标准化等,同时也会给产业集群带来风险的集聚。Currently, industry clusters have become ＂the third production organization＂ and with market, and enterprise. Formation and development of industry clusters are often based on the division of labor and specialization. From this view, to get the advantage of industrial clusters are closely related to industrial division of labor and industry collaboration networks. That is, the fundamental driving force of industrial clusters is the rise of the economic advantages of clustering that based on industrial division and collaboration of networking. Driven by industrialdivision and specialization, industrial clusters will keep on the process of development and evolution, in order to cater for the development of technological, market demand and economy--some poor adaptability of industrial clusters will be eliminated. In the evolution of industrial clusters, the industrial division, specialization and modularization play important role in the same strain. Among these, modulized means of production that based on the innovation and development of industrial division, not only break the traditional industrial chain, the mode of production of traditional enterprises, but also profoundly changed the rules and paths of the evolution of industrial clusters. Modular evolution can afftct the global industrial clusters in many aspects, such as to improve the economies of scale, to improve the efficiency of specialized collaboration among enterprises within the cluster, to stimulate the vitality of innovation, to promote industry standardization, and can also to stimulate the cluster of risks.

关 键 词：分工 专业化 模块化 产业集群演化 

分 类 号：F062.9[经济管理—政治经济学]