三峡库区皇竹草植物篱对坡面土壤分形特征及可蚀性的影响  

Effects of Herba andrographitis Hedgerow on Soil Fractal Characteristics and Erodibility on Sloping Cropland in Three Gorges Reservoir Region

作　　者：马云[1,2,3] 何丙辉[1,2] 何建林[1,4] 谌芸[1] 郭甜[1] 黄巍[1] 李建兴[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学资源环境学院,三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,重庆400715 [2]黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100 [3]陕西省定边县水务局,陕西定边718600 [4]重庆市渝北区水土保持管理站,重庆渝北401120

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2011年第4期79-82,87,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40971166);西南大学研究生创新基金项目(ky2009020);西南大学生态学重点学科“211工程”三期建设项目;国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD31B03);国家科技重大专项子课题(2009ZX07104-002-06);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(XDJK2010C046)

摘　　要：基于土壤颗粒分形维数及EPIC模型研究定植皇竹草植物篱,对三峡库区坡耕地土壤分形特征及土壤可蚀性的影响作用。结果表明:植物篱对坡面土壤粘粒的拦截作用显著,粘粒在篱前富集含量升高;土壤分形维数与土壤砂粒含量呈负相关,与粉粒、粘粒含量呈正相关,总体上表现为:粘粒>砂粒>粉粒,土壤颗粒分形维数值受细颗粒含量的影响作用显著;土壤可蚀性K值与土壤砂粒含量呈极显著的正相关,相关系数为0.870;与土壤粉粒含量、粘粒含量、有机碳含量、团聚度及土壤颗粒分形维数呈负相关,相关系数分别为-0.538,-0.739,-0.603,-0.486,-0.538;有机质及粘粒含量的高低是反映库区土壤抗侵蚀能力强弱的有效指标。皇竹草植物篱带间距对三峡库区坡耕地土壤颗粒分形特征及可蚀性的影响作用总体上表现为:4.5 m带间距>5.5 m带间距>7.5 m带间距。库区10°坡耕地篱带间距布设在6 m以内时,植物篱对改善坡面土壤分形特征、降低坡面土壤可蚀性、控制农业面源污染的作用最显著。On the bases of the soil particle,fractal dimension and EPIC model,the effects of planting Herba andrographitis hedgerows on soil fractal feature and soil erodibility on sloping cropland of the Three Gorges reservoir area were studied.The results showed that： The hedgerows had a significant effect on interception of soil clay particles on slope,clay particles reached an enrichment around the hedgerows,and soil clay particles contents increased;Soil fractal dimension was correlated positively with silt and clay particles,and had a reverse linear correlation with soil sand particles,the influence degree was as follows： Clay particlessand particlessilt particles,and fine-grained content influenced fractal dimension of soil particles significantly;There was a positive correlation between soil erodibility K and soil sand particles,correlation coefficient of which was 0.870;There was a negative correlation between soil erodibility K and soil silt particles content,soil clay particles content,OC content,aggregate index and fractal dimension of soil particles,correlation coefficient of which were-0.538,-0.739,-0.603,-0.486 and-0.538 respectively;Soil organic matter and soil clay particles content were effective predictors for soil erodibility on slope in the Three Gorges reservoir area.Overall effects of Herba andrographitis hedgerows spacing on fractal feature of soil particles and soil erodibility on slope of the Three Gorges reservoir area were as follows： 4.5 m distance between hedgerows 5.5 m distance between hedgerows〉 7.5 m distance between hedgerows.In order to improve soil fractal feature,decreasing soil erodibility on slope,and controlling agricultural nonpoint pollution,being the effective distance between hedgerows on 10° slope should be within 6 m.

关 键 词：皇竹草 植物篱 分形维数 土壤可蚀性 颗粒组成 

分 类 号：S157.4[农业科学—土壤学] S152.4[农业科学—农业基础科学]