洱海表层沉积物吸附磷特征  

Phosphate Adsorption Characteristics on the Surface Sediments of Erhai Lake

作　　者：何宗健[1] 刘文斌[1,2] 王圣瑞[2] 焦立新[2] 赵海超[2] 

机构地区：[1]南昌大学环境与化学工程学院,江西南昌330031 [2]中国环境科学研究院湖泊生态环境创新基地,国家环境保护湖泊污染控制重点实验室,北京100012

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2011年第11期1242-1248,共7页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2008ZX07105-005)

摘　　要：试验研究了洱海表层沉积物吸附磷动力学与等温吸附过程,探讨了总有机质与总钙对沉积物吸附磷参数的影响.结果表明:①洱海表层沉积物对磷的吸附动力学过程均可分为2个阶段,即快速吸附阶段和慢速吸附阶段.快速吸附阶段主要发生在0～0.5 h内,而慢速吸附阶段主要发生在0.5～5 h,所有沉积物均在5 h内基本达到吸附平衡.②不同采样点沉积物对磷的Qmax(最大吸附容量,为904.60～1 420.34 mgkg)及MBC(最大缓冲容量,为477.33～2 300.95 Lkg)均以西岸沉积物明显高于东岸,但其EPC0(吸附-解吸平衡浓度,为0.015～0.068 mgL)则相反.③沉积物总有机质和总钙含量与其Qmax和Vmax(最大吸附速率)呈显著正相关,但与EPC0呈显著负相关.④洱海表层沉积物吸附磷参数Vmax和Qmax明显高于长江中下游浅水湖泊沉积物,而参数EPC0较低.因此,洱海沉积物释放风险较大但现今释放量较小,与洱海沉积物总有机质和总钙含量较高有关.Adsorption kinetics and isotherms of phosphate on the surface sediments from Erhai Lake were determined through batch experiments,and the effect of total organic matter（TOM） and total calcium content in the sediments on the phosphate adsorption parameters were discussed.The results indicated that： 1） The process of phosphate adsorption kinetics of the surface sediments from Erhai Lake was divided into the rapid adsorption stage and the slow adsorption stage,which mainly occurred in the first 0.5 h and from 0.5-5 h,respectively.The phosphate adsorption of all the sediments reached equilibrium within 5 h.2） Qmax（The phosphate maximum adsorption capacity,904.60-1420.34 mg/kg） and MBC（maximum buffer capacity,477.33-2300.95 L/kg） of the sediments in different sites of the west bank were significantly higher than those in the east bank,although EPC0（adsorption-desorption equilibrium concentrations,0.015-0.068 mg/L） in different sites showed the opposite trend.3） The total calcium and total organic matter contents of the sediments were significantly positively correlated with Qmax and Vmax（maximum adsorption rate）,but were significantly negatively correlated with EPC0.4） The phosphate adsorption parameters Qmax and Vmax of the surface sediments from Erhai Lake were significantly higher,while EPC0 was lower,than the corresponding parameters of the shallow lakes in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River catchment.Therefore,the high contents of total calcium and total organic matter in the sediments might account for high risk,but low amount of phosphate release in the sediments of Erhai Lake.

关 键 词：洱海 沉积物 磷 吸附 吸附速率 吸附容量 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]