设施葡萄对硒的吸收运转及积累特性  

Selenium absorption,distribution and accumulation in the protected cultivated grapevine

作　　者：王海波[1] 王孝娣[1] 毋应龙[1] 王宝亮[1] 谢计蒙[1] 冯晓宇[1] 刘凤之[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院果树研究所.农业部果树种质资源重点开放实验室,辽宁兴城125100

出　　处：《果树学报》2011年第6期972-976,共5页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系专项建设资金;农业部公益性行业科研专项(200903044-6);中国农业科学院作物科学研究所中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(102060 302-7);国家十一五科技支撑项目(2006BAD07B06)

摘　　要：以设施栽培的3 a生藤稔葡萄品种嫁接苗(贝达砧木)为试材,研究了硒的不同应用方法和剂量下葡萄不同器官对硒的积累和果实品质的影响。结果表明,(1)盛花期土施0.2 g.株-1 Na2SeO3后,设施葡萄的叶片、叶柄与果肉硒含量及单果硒总量从花后至成熟均呈"升-降"变化趋势。(2)与对照相比,土施0.2 g.株-1 Na2SeO3后,不仅叶片、叶柄和果肉中的硒含量显著增加,而且硒的累积顺序也发生变化,变为果肉>叶片>叶柄。(3)硒元素在设施葡萄果实中的积累与分布因施用方式不同而异。土施硒肥,硒在果实中优先累积到种子中,其次累积到果肉中,最后累积到果皮中;而叶面喷施硒肥,硒在果实中优先累积到果皮中,其次累积到果肉中,最后才累积到种子中。(4)土施Na2SeO3以幼果发育期施用效果较好;设施葡萄果实各部位硒含量与外源硒施入量呈显著正相关;同时随外源硒施入量的增加,设施葡萄果实可溶性固形物含量随之升高,但当外源硒施入量过大时,设施葡萄果实可溶性固形物反而下降。Three-year-old grapevine cv Fujiminori, grafted on Beta rootstock, were planted in the experimental orchard of Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences in order to study Selenium absorbtion, distribution and accumulation in the protected cultivated grapevine and the effect of Se on the fruit qualities. The results indicated that after treatment with 0.2 g. plant-1 NazSeO3 at flowering, Se concentration in leaves, leafstalks, berry flesh and in single beery from flowering to fruit ripening firstly rose and then dropped. Se concentration in leaves, leafstalks and berry flesh increased significantly compared with control and the orders of Se distribution changed to berry flesh 〉leaf〉leafstalk after treatment. The orders of Se distribution in the fruit were seed〉berry flesh〉skin with soil application, and skin〉 berry flesh〉seed with spraying selenium solution. Se concentration in berry flesh with soil application at 20 to 35 days after flowering was more than that at other berry development stages. Se concentration in analyzed parts of berry was significantly corresponded with the increase of selenium doses . TSS rose significantly after Se application and reached the highest with 0.15 g·fruit-l Na2SeO3, but dropped with 0.2 g·plant-I Na_2SeO_3.

关 键 词：设施葡萄 硒 吸收运转 积累 果实品质 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]