三地区甜樱桃花芽分化与温度的关系  

Effects of temperature on flower bud differentiation of sweet cherry

作　　者：赵长竹[1] 姜建福[1] 张慧琴[2] 谢鸣[2] 李淑平 林苗苗[1] 顾红[1] 方金豹[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所,中国农业科学院果树生长发育与品质控制重点开放实验室,郑州450009 [2]浙江省农业科学院园艺研究所,杭州310021 [3]烟台市农业科学院,山东烟台265500

出　　处：《果树学报》2011年第6期1005-1011,共7页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：十一五国家科技支撑项目(2006BAD07B06);浙江省科技计划项目(2009C32031)

摘　　要：为探讨温度变化对甜樱桃花芽分化的影响,观察烟台、郑州、金华地区的红灯和郑州地区的早红宝石的花芽分化及同期的温度变化。结果表明,红灯花芽分化在烟台比在郑州耗时短20～30 d,在金华与在郑州的耗时可能接近;当温度>27.0℃时抑制红灯和早红宝石花芽分化,当温度<20.0℃时抑制红灯花芽分化;早红宝石畸形花的发生与高温有直接关系。分析认为,甜樱桃花芽分化速率和进程因温度不同而发生明显改变,依据有效积温推测花芽分化起止时期具有一定可行性。高温和低温抑制花芽分化,延缓分化进程,适宜花芽快速分化的温度可能为20.0～27.0℃。In order to explore the correlation between flower bud differentiation （FBD） of sweet cherry and ambient temperature, FBD of Hongdeng in the regions Yantai, Zhengzhou and Jinhua, and Zaohong-baoshi cultured in openfield and greenhouse in Zhengzhou was investigated, and the temperature was recorded as well during the period of FBD. The results showed that the time consumption of the FBD of Hongdeng was about 20 to 30 days longer in Zhengzhou than in Yantai, and the time consumption in Zhengzhou and Jinhua was possiblely in approximation. The progression of FBD of Hongdeng and Zao-hongbaoshi was inhibited when temperature was higher than the threshold of 27.0 %, and the FBD of Hongdeng was inhibited when temperature was lower than the threshold of 20.0 %. There was a direct re- lationship between the occurrence of flower malformation and high temperature. The rate and progression of FBD of sweet cherry changed obviously according to the ambient temperature. High or low temperature resulted in the inhibition of FBD and delayed the progression of FBD. It was feasible to utilize the effective accumulated degree days to conjecture the time of initiation and termination of FBD. It was supposed that the suitable temperature range for FBD of sweet cherry was 20.0 to 27.0 %.

关 键 词：甜樱桃 花芽分化 温度 

分 类 号：S662.5[农业科学—果树学]