山东中部全新世环境演变与人类文化发展  

Holocene Environmental Change and Its Impacts on Cultural Development in the Central Region of Shandong Province

作　　者：丁敏[1] 彭淑贞[1] 庞奖励[2] 张伟[1] 陈栋栋[1] 杨洪江[2] 

机构地区：[1]泰山学院旅游与资源环境学院,山东泰安271021 [2]陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院,陕西西安710062

出　　处：《土壤通报》2011年第6期1281-1287,共7页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41072260,40471119);山东省软科学项目(2009RKB440);陕西师大大学生勤助科研基金(QZZD10008)资助

摘　　要：全新世环境演变及其气候事件对古文化发展的影响是目前环境考古研究的热点。根据山东中部龙山镇山城村全新世黄土-古土壤及埋藏文化层的关系,利用色度、磁化率、粒度、碳酸钙含量等气候替代指标,揭示了全新世气候演变,早期(11500 a B.P.～8500 a B.P.)变暖,中期暖湿(8500 a B.P.～3100 a B.P.)和后期(3100 a B.P.以来)逐渐转凉,其中大暖期记录了3次气候寒冷事件。通过分析全新世气候阶段性、气候事件与古文化时空的耦合关系发现:在全新世最为暖湿的阶段(8500 aB.P.～4000 a B.P.),依次发展了后李文化、北辛文化、大汶口文化和龙山文化。其中,8200 a B.P.、5500 a B.P.气候事件没有对文化发展产生明显负面影响,反而对文化发展起了一定催化剂的作用。4000 a B.P.气候事件在剖面中表现明显,来自北部、东北部的大量风沙使淄博、潍坊等地龙山人的生存环境急剧恶化,进而使喜暖湿的稻作农业受到极大摧毁,人地资源矛盾突出,导致优秀的龙山文化被古朴的岳石文化所取代。It is a research focus of environmental archaeology that the influences of Holocene environmental changes and climatic events on the development of ancient culture.Based on the relationship between Holocene Loess-paleosol sequence and ancient cultural layer of soil buried at Shanchengcun profile in central Shandong,the soil chroma,magnetic susceptibility,grain size,calcium carbonate and other climatic proxy were utilized,and the evolution of Holocene climate was revealed： it got warmer at the early stage（115 00-8 500 a B.P.）,and warm and himid at the middle stage（8500 a B.P.-3100 a B.P.）,and cool at later stage（3100 a B.P.）.Three cold events（8200 a B.P.,5500 a B.P.and 4000 a B.P.） were recorded in the megathermal period.Through the analysis of the coupling relationship between the Holocene climate stages,climatic events and ancient cultural space-time,it was revealed that during the warmest and humidest stage of Holocene（8500-4000 a B.P.）,the Houli culture,Beixin culture,Dawenkou culture and Longshan culture were developed one by one.Meanwhile,the climate events in 8200 a B.P.and 5500 a B.P.did not have a significantly negative impact on cultural development,on the other hand,they played a catalytic action.4000 a BP climate event showed an obvious evidence in the soil profiles,and a large amount of dust storms and dust-fall occurred frequently from the north and northeast regions caused the surviving environment of Longshan people deteriorated rapidly,and therefore made the rice culture be greatly destroyed,and the conflict between human and land resources outstanding,which causing the excellent Longshan culture be displaced by simple and unsophisticated Yeushi culture.

关 键 词：全新世 环境演变 古文化 山东中部 

分 类 号：P532[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]