渗灌不同灌水控制上下限组合对保护地土壤脲酶活性的影响  

Effects of Different Combinations of Upper and Lower Limits of Subsurface Irrigation on Urease Activity in Protected Field

作　　者：王芳[1] 张玉龙[1] 肖质秋[1] 魏巍[1] 袁静超[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院,辽宁省农业资源与环境重点实验室,辽宁沈阳110866

出　　处：《土壤通报》2011年第6期1393-1398,共6页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：辽宁省农业节水关键技术集成与示范项目(2008212003);辽宁省教育厅创新团队项目(2007T156);辽宁省博士启动项目(20061043)资助

摘　　要：以不同灌水控制上限(土壤水吸力6 kPa、9 kPa、12 kPa)和下限(土壤水吸力30 kPa、45 kPa、60k Pa)组合为试验处理,进行保护地番茄栽培渗灌灌水效果试验;试验于灌水处理后的第30 d采集土样,以各处理0～10 cm、10～20 cm、20～30 cm土层土壤为样本,测定土壤脲酶活性、铵态氮含量等指标,探讨灌水控制上限、下限对土壤脲酶活性的影响,分析脲酶活性与土壤含水量、铵态氮含量之间关系。结果表明:不同灌水控制上限、下限,即水分条件可显著影响土壤脲酶活性,三个深度层次土壤脲酶活性均以灌水控制上限12 kPa、下限60 kPa组合为最高;0～10 cm土层土壤脲酶活性与铵态氮含量呈显著的指数正相关关系1,0～20 cm、20～30 cm土层土壤脲酶活性与铵态氮含量间虽然也表现出了一定的正相关关系,但未达到5%显著水平。因此,降低灌水时土壤含水量和适量减少单次灌水量,有利于提高土壤脲酶活性,进而改善土壤氮素形态转化状况和对植物的氮素营养供应。Subsurface irrigation experiment of tomato in protected field was studied at different irrigation control upper limits（soil water suction being 6 kPa,9 kPa and 12 kPa） and lower limits（soil water suction being 30 kPa,45 kPa and 60 kPa）.In this study,soil urease activity,water contents and the contents of ammonium nitrogen in three soil layers（0-10 cm,10-20 cm,20-30 cm） were analyzed at 30 DAI（days after irrigation）.The results showed that urease activity was significantly affected by soil water status,or the irrigation control upper and lower limits.The highest urease activity in three soil layers was obtained in the treatment of irrigation control upper 12 kPa and lower limits 60 kPa.There was a positive exponential relationship between urease activity and the content of ammonium nitrogen in all soil layers at 5% level in 0-10 cm layer,but no significantly positive correlation was observed（at 5% level） in 10-20 cm and 20-30 cm layers.Reducing soil moisture and irrigation quato could adjust soil enzyme activity and improve the transformation of soil nitrogen and the ability to plants.

关 键 词：渗灌 灌水控制上限与下限 脲酶活性 铵态氮 

分 类 号：S154.2[农业科学—土壤学]