三峡库区消落区蓄水前土壤养分分布特征  

Characteristics of Soil Nutrient Distribution in the Water-Level-Fluctuation Zone in the Three Gorges Reservoir,China

作　　者：叶琛[1,2,3] 程晓莉[1,2] 张全发[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院武汉植物园,湖北武汉430074 [2]中国科学院水生植物与流域生态重点实验,湖北武汉430074 [3]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《土壤通报》2011年第6期1404-1410,共7页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：国务院三峡建设委员会办公室(SX2008-005)资助

摘　　要：为研究175 m蓄水前三峡库区消落区土壤养分分布特征,选择12个采样区,采用野外调查和室内分析相结合的方法,研究结果表明土壤呈中性偏碱性p,H值为6.93～7.91;全磷、全钾、有效钾和铵态氮的含量分布比较集中,差异较小;有效磷、有机质、全氮和硝态氮比较分散,差异较大;土壤类型和土壤粒级对土壤养分含量会产生重要影响。主成分分析和聚类分析将研究区大致分为4类:土壤综合养分较高型、土壤贫瘠型、有效磷含量较高型和全磷、全钾含量较高型,并针对不同类型的土壤分别提出改善措施。本研究为三峡库区消落区的生态环境保护和土地资源的合理规划提供一定的指导意义。The rational use of land resources of the water-level-fluctuation zone in the Three Gorges Reservoir principally depends on the soil nutrient quality.In this study,principal component analysis and cluster analysis were performed to analyze soil nutrients of 68 soil samples collected in 12 sites in the water-level-fluctuation zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir.The results indicated that 1） the pH values of soils ranged from 6.93 to 7.91;Total P,K,available K and ammonium nitrogen（N） showed little variation in the reservoir region,while large variations of the total N,available P,nitrate N and organic matter contents were observed in the reservoir region;2） There existed significant relationship between nutrients in soil and various soil granule contents.The soil types in the study areas were important factors for soil nutrient contents;3） Three principal components were obtained by using principal component analysis,which represented the total P,K and the available P level of soil,respectively;4） Cluster analysis classified the 12 sampling sites into four groups representing balanced soil nutrient,lean soil,high content of available P and high content of soil P and K,respectively.The study could provide critical database for the land-use planning and management for the water-level-fluctuation zone in the reservoir region.

关 键 词：三峡水库 消落区 土壤养分 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S158.3[农业科学—土壤学]