脱硫废弃物和专用改良剂在碱化土壤改良中的效果  

Effects of Flue Gas Desulfurization Gypsum and Krilium Application on Alkali Soil Amelioration

作　　者：黄菊莹[1] 余海龙[2] 张俊华[1] 孙兆军[1] 何文寿[3] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学新技术应用研究开发中心,宁夏银川750021 [2]宁夏大学资环学院,宁夏银川750021 [3]宁夏大学农学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《土壤通报》2011年第6期1467-1471,共5页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(2007BAC08B03)资助

摘　　要：通过大田试验,研究了添加燃煤脱硫废弃物和几种专用改良剂对碱化土壤性质的变化及其对油葵(Helianthusannuus)生长的影响。结果表明:二者配合施用提高了土壤有机质和养分含量,一定程度上降低了碱化度、pH和全盐含量,使油葵出苗率、株高和产量分别提高了116.7%、19.2%和140.7%以上;3种专用改良剂间,改良剂Ⅲ在提高土壤养分含量和降低碱化度和全盐含量等方面的效果最佳,其增产幅度也最高;改良剂Ⅰ的两个施用时期间,秋施显著提高了有机质、全N和碱解N含量,降低了全盐含量,提高了油葵出苗率和产量;改良剂Ⅰ的3个施用水平间,7.50 t hm-2和11.25 t hm-2的施用量下具有较高的全N和碱解N含量、较低的全盐含量和碱化度以及较高的出苗率、株高和产量。以上结果表明脱硫废弃物和改良剂及其配合施用改善了土壤物理化学性质,且有利于油葵的生长和发育。其中,改良剂Ⅲ的改良效果最佳,但其施用技术有待于进一步的研究。In this study,we investigated the changes in soil physical and chemical properties,including organic matter,total N,alkali-hydrolyzasable N,available P,available K,pH,exchangeable sodium percentage（ESP） and total salt,as well as Helianthus annuus characteristics such as germination rate,individual height and yield.Our objective was to explore the effects of flue gas desulfurization gypsum（FGDG） and krilium addition on alkali soil and their indirect effects on plant growth.The results were as followed.The addition of FGDG and krilium increased soil organic matter and nutrients content greatly,and increased germination rate,individual height and yield of H.annuus by 116.7%,19.2% and over 140.7%,respectively.While they decreased soil pH,ESP and total salt content at a certain extent.Among three krilium Types,Type Ⅲ had the most significant effects on soil properties,showing the highest yield of H.annuus.Between two seasons of krilium typeⅠapplication,the application in autumn had higher soil organic matter,total N and alkali-hydrolysable N content and lower total salt content,which was more favorable for H.annuus growth,showing higher germination rate and yield.Between three levels of krilium typeⅠapplication,the plant with 7.50 and 11.25 t hm-2 of addition had higher total N and alkali-hydrolysable N content and lower total salt content and ESP,possibly resulting in higher germination rate,individual height and yield.Our findings indicated that the addition of FGDG and krilium improved soil characters,possibly taking advantageous for H.annuus growth.Additionally,krilium type Ⅲ had the most significant effects both on soil properties and on H.annuus growth.However,it still needs further experiment to test.

关 键 词：碱化土壤 脱硫废弃物 专用改良剂 油葵 土壤性质 

分 类 号：S143[农业科学—肥料学]