不同作物对赤红壤酸铝毒害的响应研究  

Response of Different Crops to Acid & Aluminum Toxicity in Latosol Red Soil

作　　者：于智卫[1] 傅友强[1] 沈春鹏[1] 李子荣[1] 沈宏[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学资源环境学院,广东广州510642

出　　处：《土壤通报》2011年第6期1476-1480,共5页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30771294);国际科学基金(C/3042-2;3)资助

摘　　要：为评价赤红壤酸铝对作物的毒害作用,本文用氧化钙和硫酸铝将典型赤红壤pH值调节为4.01、4.52、5.02、5.52,研究了7种作物对不同酸铝土壤的响应。结果表明,不同酸铝土壤中,7种作物相对根长与相对根干重呈相似变化趋势,均表现为pH 5.02土壤>pH 4.52土壤>pH 4.01土壤,水稻的相对根长与相对根干重较大,而大麦较小,通菜、玉米、菜豆、豆角、大豆位于其中。铝溶液处理下不同作物的相对根伸长均以水稻、大豆、菜豆、豆角>玉米>通菜>大麦,与土培结果基本一致;作物根系的苏木精染色程度随酸铝毒害程度的上升而加深,与作物铝吸收结果趋势相同。大麦、水稻、豆角染色较深,但其相对根长差异显著,表明它们具有不同的耐铝机制。To evaluate the toxic effects of aluminum on crops in acidic soils,latosol red soil pH values were adjusted to 4.01,4.52,5.02 and 5.52,respectively,by using calcium oxide and aluminum sulfate.Responses of 7 kinds of crops to acid aluminum soil were investigated.Results indicated that the relative root length and relative dry weight of these crops showed similar trend as pH 5.02pH 4.52pH 4.01.The values of relative root length and dry weight of rice were relatively high,and those of barley were low,and other crops were in between,which being similar to the results of soil incubation.Hematoxylin is considered to stain Al deposits in root tips.Result from root-hematoxylin staining indicated the color of crop roots became deeper and darker with decrease of soil pH,which was consistent with the changes of Al uptake in crops.Barley,rice and long bean had more Al uptake and differential Al tolerance,suggesting the involvement of different Al-tolerance mechanisms.

关 键 词：赤红壤 铝毒 苏木精染色 相对根长 相对根干重 作物 

分 类 号：S154.4[农业科学—土壤学]