氮肥利用率计算方法评述  

Review on Several Concepts on Fertilizer Nitrogen Recovery Rate and Its Calculation

作　　者：田昌玉[1] 林治安[1] 左余宝[1] 孙文彦[1] 车升国[2] 程明芳[2] 赵秉强[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院德州实验站,山东德州253015 [2]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《土壤通报》2011年第6期1530-1536,共7页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题"配方肥料生产与配套施用技术体系研究(2008BADA4B04);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所项目(2010-5);国家小麦产业技术体系德州综合试验站资助

摘　　要：氮肥利用率是关系到施肥、农产品生产和环境保护的重要指标,计算氮肥利用率的差减法与示踪法都存在有待进一步研究的问题,计算的氮肥利用率结果都偏低。分别总结了差减法和示踪法测定氮肥利用率的应用及计算方法,示踪法能够研究氮肥在土壤中的转化及移动问题,但是测定的氮肥利用率仅仅是15N的吸收利用率,是氮肥利用率的一个部分,不能代表氮肥的吸收利用率。详细论述了差减法计算氮肥利用率结果偏低的原因,还对已有的改进方法作了介绍和评述,提出了进一步改进的原则。The fertilizer nitrogen recovery rate was important to the fertilization,agricultural production and environmental protection.Both subtraction method and 15N tracer method should be further studied.The results calculated by customarily method of fertilizer nitrogen recovery rate was low.Here was a summary of the 15N tracer and subtraction calculation methods and the application of fertilizer nitrogen recovery rate.15N tracer method could be easily used to study nitrogen transformation and movement in soil,but was not adequate for the determination of fertilizer nitrogen recovery rate.Subtraction calculation method was discussed in detail for the reasons of low fertilizer nitrogen recovery rate results.A review on the improvement of the existing calculation methods was put forward.And several principles to improve the calculation methods were also mentioned.

关 键 词：氮肥利用率 15N示踪法 差减法 

分 类 号：S14-3[农业科学—肥料学]