儿童结核病的预防研究进展  

Prevention of childhood tuberculosis

作　　者：陈凤（综述）[1] 朱朝敏（审校）[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学附属儿童医院消化科,400014

出　　处：《国际儿科学杂志》2011年第6期532-535,共4页International Journal of Pediatrics

摘　　要：近年来结核发病率有所回升，估计全球有1／3的人群有无症状的潜伏结核感染。目前普遍使用卡介苗接种计划，卡介苗对儿童结核病有良好的预防作用，但由于其诱导的免疫反应持续时间有限，也有预防失败的情况出现，故研究者开始探索新型的抗结核疫苗，如突变减毒活菌株、亚单位疫苗、DNA疫苗，并取得一定成果。对于纯结核蛋白衍化物皮内试验阳性及免疫抑制状态的儿童，除了主动免疫外还需要抗结核药物进行化学预防。In recent years the incidence rate of tuberculosis （TB） has gone up. It was estimated that 1/3 of people had asymptomatic latent tuberculosis infectioia globally. The current widespread use of Bacillus calmetteguefin （BCG） vaccine program against tuberculosis in children has a good preventive effect, but due to the limited duration of the immune responses induced by BCG, there also had situation of prevent failure, so researchers begin to explore new TB vaccines, such as live attenuated mutant strains, subunit vaccines and DNA vaccines, and achieved certain results. For the pure protein derivative tuberculosis skin test positive and immunosuppressed children, in addition to active immunization would also need anti-TB medicine for ehemoprophylaxis.

关 键 词：儿童结核病 预防 卡介苗 新型疫苗 化学药物 

分 类 号：R529.9[医药卫生—内科学]